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1.
\(PTK_{CuSO_4}=64+32+16.4=160\left(đvC\right)\)
\(PTK_{5CaCO_3}=5\left(40+12+16.3\right)=500\left(đvC\right)\)
\(PTK_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=40+\left(16+1\right).2=74\left(đvC\right)\)
2.
Theo đề, ta có:
\(d_{\dfrac{X}{Mg}}=\dfrac{M_X}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{M_X}{24}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(lần\right)\)
=> MX = 32(g)
Vậy X là lưu huỳnh (S)
3.
Ta có: \(PTK_{Al_x\left(SO_4\right)_3}=27.x+\left(32+16.4\right).3=342\left(đvC\right)\)
=> x = 2
Bài 1.Phân tử khối các chất:
\(CuSO_4\)\(\Rightarrow64+32+4\cdot16=160\left(đvC\right)\)
\(CaCO_3\Rightarrow40+12+3\cdot16=100\left(đvC\right)\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\Rightarrow40+16\cdot2+2=74\left(đvC\right)\)
Bài 2.Theo bài: \(\overline{M_X}=\dfrac{4}{3}\overline{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{4}{3}\cdot24=32\left(đvC\right)\)
Vậy X là lưu huỳnh.KHHH: S.
Bài 3. \(Al_x\left(SO_4\right)_3\) \(\Rightarrow27x+3\cdot\left(32+4\cdot16\right)=342\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(PTK_{Al_x\left(NO_3\right)_3}=x\cdot NTK_{Al}+3NTK_N+9NTK_O=213\\ \Rightarrow27x+3\cdot14+9\cdot16=213\\ \Rightarrow27x=27\\ \Rightarrow x=1\)
\(PTK_{Al\left(OH\right)_x}=78\left(\text{đ}.v.C\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow27+17x=78\\ \Leftrightarrow x=3\)
\(m_{Al}=\dfrac{342.15,79}{100}=54\left(g\right)=>n_{Al}=\dfrac{54}{27}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_S=\dfrac{342.28,07}{100}=96\left(g\right)=>n_S=\dfrac{96}{32}=3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_O=342-54-96=192\left(g\right)=>n_O=\dfrac{192}{16}=12\left(mol\right)\)
=> CTHH: Al2(SO4)3
\(PTK_{CuSO_x}=NTK_{Cu}+NTK_S+x\cdot NTK_O=160\\ \Rightarrow64+32+16x=160\\ \Rightarrow16x=64\\ \Rightarrow x=4\\ \Rightarrow A\)
Có \(PTK_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_x}=342đvC\)
\(\rightarrow27.2+\left(32+16.4\right).x=342\)
\(\rightarrow54+96x=342\)
\(\rightarrow x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow27x+\left(32+16\cdot4\right)\cdot3=342\\ \Rightarrow27x+288=342\\ \Rightarrow x=2\)