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1)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
____0,1----->0,15
=> mH2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7(g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{14,7}{250}.100\%=5,88\%\)
2)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
_______0,2------------------------------>0,2
=> VCO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(l)
3)
\(n_A=\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2A + Cl2 --to--> 2ACl
____\(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\)---------->\(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\)
=> \(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\left(M_A+35,5\right)=46,8=>M_A=23\left(Na\right)\)
4)
nHCl = 0,2.3 = 0,6(mol)
PTHH: M + 2HCl --> MCl2 + H2
____0,3<-----0,6
=> \(M_M=\dfrac{7,2}{0,3}=24\left(Mg\right)\)
\(a.2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{133,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ TừPT:n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{AlCl_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=3n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{150}{1,12}=\dfrac{1875}{14}ml=\dfrac{15}{112}\left(l\right)\\ CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{\dfrac{15}{112}}=2,24M\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.5\cdot1=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.5\cdot0.28=0.14\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=0.5+0.14\cdot2=0.75\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.736}{22.4}=0.39\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2H^+\rightarrow Mg^{2+}+H_2\)
\(2Al+6H^+\rightarrow2Al^{3+}+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}>2n_{H^+}\)
=> Đề sai
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,15 0 ,05 0,15
a)\(V=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b)\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,7}{9,8}\cdot100=150\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=2,7+150-0,3=152,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\cdot342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{17,1}{152,4}\cdot100=11,22\%\)
1.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 3H2 + 2AlCl3
Mol: 0,2 0,6 0,3 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
2.\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
3.\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,6}=1M\)