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a) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{56}=0,01\left(mol\right)=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,01\cdot152=1,52\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,01\cdot22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,01\cdot98}{19,6\%}=5\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{56}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:H_2SO_4+Fe--->FeSO_4+H_2\)
a. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,01.152=1,52\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(lít\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,01.98=0,98\left(g\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,98}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=19,6\%\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=5\left(g\right)\)
a) Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
b) Ta có : nH2 = \(\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}\) = 0,75 (mol)
⇒ nFe= 0,75.56 = 42(gam)
\(a,PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,74(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,75.56=42(g)\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{245.10\%}{100\%.98}=0,25(mol)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\) nên \(Fe\) dư
\(n_{Fe(dư)}=0,75-0,25=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe(dư)}=0,5.56=28(g)\)
Khối lượng muối FeSO 4 tạo thành là : 0,01 x 152 = 1,52 (gam).
Thể tích khí hiđro sinh ra : 0,01 x 22,4 = 0,224 (lít).
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{19,6.200}{100}=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{39,2}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,4 0,4 0,4
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgSO4}=0,4.120=48\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=9,6+200-\left(0,4.2\right)=208,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{48.100}{208,8}=23\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
4.1)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 (loãng) ---> ZnSO4 + H2
0,1---->0,1---------------------------->0,1
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c) \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{19,6\%}=50\left(g\right)\)
4.2)
Gọi kim loại hóa trị II là R; \(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{2,87}{143,5}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(RCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow R\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
0,01<-----------------------------------0,02
=> \(M_{RCl_2}=\dfrac{0,95}{0,01}=95\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(M_R=95-71=24\left(g/mol\right)\)
Mà R có hóa trị II => R là Magie (Mg)
Câu 5:
a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(ĐK:a,b>0\right)\)
=> 80a + 102b = 14,2 (1)
nHCl = 0,2.3,5 = 0,7 (mol)
PTHH:
CuO + 2HCl ---> CuCl2 + H2O
a------>2a
Al2O3 + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
b------->6b
b) 2a + 2b = 0,7 (2)
Từ (1), (2) => a = 0,05; b = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,05.80}{14,2}.100\%=28,17\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=100\%-28,17\%=71,83\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{3}{14}....\dfrac{3}{14}.......\dfrac{3}{14}......\dfrac{3}{14}\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{3}{14}\cdot152=32.57\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{14}\cdot22.4=4.8\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{14}\cdot98}{19.6\%}=107.1\left(g\right)\)