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\(n_{H_2}= \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ m_{tăng} = m_{kim\ loại} - m_{H_2} = 11 - 0,4.2 = 10,2(gam)\)
PTHH: 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2↑2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2↑
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑
Ta có: mH2=8,9622,4⋅2=0,8(g)<mhh=11(g)mH2=8,9622,4⋅2=0,8(g)<mhh=11(g)
⇒⇒ Sau p/ứ dd tăng 11−0,8=10,2(g)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\)
Bài 3:
PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ
\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,11\cdot1,5=0,0825\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,0825\cdot24=1,98\left(g\right)\)
a) 2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
b) Gọi nAl = x, nFe = y
=> 27x + 56y = 11 (1)
Theo pt: \(\Sigma\)nH2 = 1,5x + y = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)(2)
Từ 1 + 2 => x = 0,2 , y = 0,1
=> mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 => %mAl = \(\dfrac{5,4}{11}.100\%\approx49,09\%\)
%mFe = 100 - 49,09 = 50,91%
c) Theo pt: nHCl = 2nH2 = 0,8 mol
=> mHCl = 0,8 . 36,5 = 29,2g
=> \(m_{dd}\)HCl = 29,2 : 10% = 292g
d) mdd sau phản ứng = m A + mHCl = 11 + 292 = 303g
Theo pt: nAlCl3 = nAl = 0,2 mol => m AlCl3 = 26,7g
=> C%AlCl3 = \(\dfrac{26,7}{303}.100\%\) = 8,81%
tương tự nFeCl2 = 0,1 mol => C%FeCl2 = 4,19%
a)
$n_{HCl} = \dfrac{250.14,6\%}{36,5} = 1(mol)$
$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,5(mol)$
$V_{CO_2} = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2(lít)$
b)
Sau phản ứng :
$m_{dd} = 55 + 250 -0,5.44 = 283(gam)$
$n_{Na_2CO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4} = 55 - 0,5.106 = 2(gam)$
$n_{NaCl} =n_{HCl} = 1(mol)$
$C\%_{NaCl} = \dfrac{1.58,5}{283}.100\% = 20,67\%$
$C\%_{Na_2SO_4} = \dfrac{2}{283}.100\% = 0,71\%$
a) \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{250.14,6\%}{36,5}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(TheoPT:n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b) \(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,5.58,5}{55+250-0,5.44}.100=10,34\%\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=55-0,5.106=2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2}{55+250-0,5.44}.100=0,7\%\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Al trong hh (x,y >0)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
x________x__________x_____x(mol)
2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
y____1,5y_________0,5y___1,5y(mol)
b) Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27x=11\\x+1,5y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1=nFe\\y=0,2=nAl\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g) ; mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)
c) nH2SO4(tổng)=nH2=0,4(mol)
=> mH2SO4(tổng)=0,4.98=39,2(g)
=>mddH2SO4=(39,2.100)/24,5=160(g)
\(n_{Al} = a\ ; n_{Fe} =b\\ \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 11(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1\\ n_{HCl\ dư} = \dfrac{200.21,9\%}{36,5} - 0,2.3 - 0,1.2 = 0,4(mol)\\ m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 11 + 200 - 0,4.2 = 210,2(gam)\\ C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{210,2}.100\% = 6,95\%\\ \)
\(C\%_{AlCl_3} = \dfrac{0,2.133,5}{210,2}.100\% = 12,7\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,1.127}{210,2}.100\% = 6,04\%\)