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PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ZnO}=21,1-13=8,1\left(g\right)\)
Có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
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2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2 (1)
ZnO + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2O (2)
a) nH2= 13,44/22.4=0.6(mol) -> mH2=0,6.2=1,2(g)
Theo PTHH: nAl = 2/3 nH2 = 2/3 . 0,6= 0,4(mol) -> mAl = 0,4 . 27=10,8(g)
-> mZnO = 27-10,8= 16,2(g)
b) nZnO = 16,2/81=0,2(mol)
Theo PTHH (2): nHCl = 2nZnO=2.0,2=0,4(mol)
Theo PTHH (1) : nHCl=2nH2=2.0,6=1,2(mol)
-> \(\Sigma\)nHCl = 0,4+1,2=1,6(mol)
-> mHCl = 1,6.36,5= 58,4(g)
-> mddHCl = 58,4.100/29,2= 200(g)
c) Theo PTHH (1): nAlCl3 = 2/3 nH2 = 2/3 . 0,6=0,4(mol) -> mAlCl3=0,4.133,5=53,4(g)
mdd sau phản ứng= mA + mddHCl - mH2 =27+200-1,2 =225,8(g)
-> C% AlCl3 = 53,4.100%/225,8 = 20,88%
Theo PTHH (2) nZnCl2 =nZnO= 0,2(mol)-> mZnCl2=0,2.136=27,2(g)
-> C% ZnCl2= 27,2.100%/255,8=10,63%
$a\big)$
$Zn+2CH_3COOH\to (CH_3COO)_2Zn+H_2$
$ZnO+2CH_3COOH\to (CH_2COO)_2Zn+H_2O$
Theo PT: $n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)$
$\to \%m_{Zn}=\frac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%\approx 61,61\%$
$\to \%m_{ZnO}=100-61,61=38,39\%$
$b\big)$
$n_{ZnO}=\frac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1(mol)$
Theo PT: $\sum n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,6(mol)$
$\to C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{\frac{200}{1000}}=3M$
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13g\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{21,1}.100=61,61\%\)
\(\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\)
\(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-13}{81}=0,1mol\)
\(ZnO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2O\)
0,1 0,2 ( mol )
\(C_{M\left(CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,4+0,2}{0,2}=3M\)
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a_____2a______a_____a (mol)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b_____3b_______b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=36,1\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{21,28}{22,4}=0,95\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b+c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2a+3b=1,9\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,9}{0,2}=9,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt: \(n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right);n_{ZnO}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+81b=14,6\\a=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ b.m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnO}=0,1.81=8,1\left(g\right)\\ d.m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,1\right).2.36,5.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
ZnO+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2O
nH2=0.2(mol)->nZn=0.2(mol).mZn=13(g)
mZnO=21.1-13=8.1(g)
nZnO=0.1(mol)
Tổng nHCl cần dùng:0.2*2+0.1*2=0.6(mol)
mHCl=21.9(g)
C%ddHCl=21.9:200*100=10.95%
n muối=0.2+.1=0.3(mol)
m muối=40.8(g)