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\(n_{H_2S}=\dfrac{0.672}{22.4}=0.03\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.75\cdot0.1=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(T=\dfrac{0.075}{0.03}=2.5>2\)
=> Tạo muối trung hòa
\(2NaOH+H_2S\rightarrow Na_2S+H_2O\)
\(0.06............0.03.........0.03\)
\(m_{Na_2S}=0.03\cdot78=2.34\left(g\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.42\cdot0.1=0.042\left(mol\right)\)
\(T=\dfrac{0.042}{0.03}=1.4\)
=> Tạo 2 muối
\(n_{Na_2S}=a\left(mol\right),n_{NaHS}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=0.042\\a+b=0.03\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.012\\b=0.018\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Muối}=0.012\cdot78+0.018\cdot56=1.944\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2S}=n_{NaHS}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2a+a=3a=0.03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.01\)
\(V=\left(0.01+0.01\right)\cdot22.4=0.448\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2S}=\dfrac{0.448}{22.4}=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.1\cdot0.5=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(T=\dfrac{0.05}{0.02}=2.5>2\)
\(2NaOH+H_2S\rightarrow Na_2S+H_2O\)
\(0.04........0.02..............0.02\)
\(n_{Na_2S}=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0.05-0.04=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.24\cdot0.1=0.024\left(mol\right)\)
\(T=\dfrac{0.024}{0.02}=1.2\)
=> Tạo 2 muối
\(n_{Na_2S}=a\left(mol\right),n_{NaHS}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=0.024\\a+b=0.02\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.004\\b=0.016\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{SO_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{NaOH} = 0,25(mol)\\ 1<\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{SO_2}} = \dfrac{0,25}{0,2} = 1,25 <2 \to Muối\ tạo\ thành : NaHSO_3(a\ mol) ; Na_2SO_3(b\ mol)\\ n_{SO_2} = a + b = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{NaOH} = a + 2b = 0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a = 0,15 ; b = 0,05\\ m_{NaHSO_3} = 0,15.104 = 15,6(gam) \\ m_{Na_2SO_3} = 0,05.126 = 6,3(gam)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.4\cdot0.1=0.04\left(mol\right)\)
TH1 : NaOH dư
\(n_{Na_2S}=\dfrac{1.9}{78}=\dfrac{19}{780}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2S\rightarrow Na_2S+2H_2O\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{19}{780}\cdot2=0.048>0.04\left(L\right)\)
TH2 : Tạo cả 2 muối , NaOH phản ứng đủ
\(n_{Na_2S}=a\left(mol\right),n_{NaHS}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=78a+56b=1.9\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2a+b=0.04\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.01,b=0.02\)
\(V_{H_2S}=\left(0.01+0.02\right)\cdot22.4=0.672\left(l\right)=672\left(ml\right)\)
a, PTHH:
\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\)
\(AlCl_3+4NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+3NaCl+2H_2O\)
b, Ta có \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{NaAlO_2}=\dfrac{2,7}{82}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{AlCl_3}=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=27.0,03=0,81\left(g\right)\\n_A=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_A=2,49-0,81=1,68\left(g\right)\\n_A=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{1,68}{0,03}=56\left(g/mol\right)\Rightarrow A\) là \(Fe\)
c, \(m_{\text{muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{AlCl_3}\)
\(=127.n_{Fe}+133,5.n_{Al}\)
\(=127.0,03+133,5.0,03=7,815\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2S}=0,08\left(mol\right),n_{OH^-}=0,1.0,05+0,1.0,08=0,013\left(mol\right)\)
T=\(\dfrac{0,013}{0,08}=0,1625\)=> Tạo 1 muối HS- , H2S dư
Muối gồm KHS và NaHS
=> \(m_{muối}=0,1.0,05.56+0,1.0,08.72=0,856\left(g\right)\)