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1.Pt \(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}-x+k2\pi\\2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
2.\(sin^22x+cos^23x=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-cos4x}{2}+\dfrac{1+cos6x}{2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos6x=cos4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\dfrac{k\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{k\pi}{5}\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\) (Gộp nghiệm)
Vậy...
3. \(Pt\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+sin3x\right)+\left(sin2x+sin4x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.sin2x.cosx+2.sin3x.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx\left(sin2x+sin3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\sin3x=-sin2x\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\sin3x=sin\left(\pi+2x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)(\(k\in Z\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)(\(k\in Z\))\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\) (\(k\in Z\))
Vậy...
4. Pt\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-cos2x}{2}+\dfrac{1-cos4x}{2}=\dfrac{1-cos6x}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x+cos4x=1+cos6x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos3x.cosx=2cos^23x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos3x=0\\cosx=cos3x\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\\x=-k\pi\\x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\\x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
Vậy...
\(\left(2cosx+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(cos2x+2sinx-\sqrt{3}\right)=1-4\left(1-cos^2x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(cos2x+2sinx-\sqrt{3}\right)=4cos^2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(cos2x+2sinx-\sqrt{3}\right)=\left(2cosx+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2cosx-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\Rightarrow x=...\\cos2x+2sinx-\sqrt{3}=2cosx-\sqrt{3}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow cos^2x-sin^2x-2\left(cosx-sinx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(cosx+sinx\right)-2\left(cosx-sinx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(cosx+sinx-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
(sinx + sin5x) + (sin2x + sin4x) + 4sin3x = 0
⇔ 2sin3x . cos2x + 2sin3x . cosx + 4sin3x = 0
⇔ 2sin3x (cos2x + cosx + 2sin3x) = 0
⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin3x=0\left(1\right)\\cos2x+cosx+2sin3x=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) ⇔ ...
(2) ⇔ \(2cos\dfrac{3x}{2}.cos\dfrac{x}{2}+4sin\dfrac{3x}{2}.cos\dfrac{3x}{2}=0\)
⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos\dfrac{3x}{2}=0\left(\alpha\right)\\cos\dfrac{x}{2}+2sin\dfrac{3x}{2}=0\left(\beta\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải \(\left(\alpha\right)\) quá đơn giản
Giải \(\left(\beta\right)\)
\(2\left(3sin\dfrac{x}{2}-4sin^3\dfrac{x}{x}\right)+cos\dfrac{x}{2}=0\)
⇔ \(-8sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}+6sin\dfrac{x}{2}\left(sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}+cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+cos\dfrac{x}{2}.\left(sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}+cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}\right)=0\)
⇔ \(-2sin^3\dfrac{x}{2}+6sin\dfrac{x}{2}.cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}+sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}.cos\dfrac{x}{2}+cos^3\dfrac{x}{2}=0\)
Xét \(x=k2\pi,k\in Z\) tức \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}=0\) có thỏa mãn phương trình không, nếu có kết luận về nghiệm
Dù trường hợp trên có thỏa mãn hay không thì tiếp tục xét trường hợp nữa là \(x\ne k2\pi,k\in Z\) tức \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}\ne0\). Rồi chia cả 2 vế phương trình lằng nhằng kia cho \(sin\dfrac{x}{2}\) và đưa về phương trình bậc 3 theo cot\(\dfrac{x}{2}\)
1a.
Đặt \(5x+6=u\)
\(cos2u+4\sqrt{2}sinu-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2u+4\sqrt{2}sinu-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2u-4\sqrt{2}sinu+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinu=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}>1\left(loại\right)\\sinu=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow sin\left(5x+6\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x+6=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\5x+6=\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{\pi}{20}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{5}\\x=-\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{3\pi}{20}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1b.
Đặt \(2x+1=u\)
\(cos2u+3sinu=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2u+3sinu=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2u-3sinu+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinu=1\\sinu=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(2x+1\right)=1\\sin\left(2x+1\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\2x+1=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\2x+1=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5\pi}{12}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
(sin2x + cos2x)cosx + 2cos2x - sinx = 0
⇔ cos2x (cosx + 2) + sinx (2cos2 x – 1) = 0
⇔ cos2x (cosx + 2) + sinx.cos2x = 0
⇔ cos2x (cosx + sinx + 2) = 0
⇔ cos2x = 0
⇔ 2x = 
+ kπ ⇔ x = 
+ k
(k ∈ 
)
c)
Đáp án:
x=π6π6+ k2ππ
và x= 5π65π6+k2ππ (k∈Z)
Lời giải:
sin2x-cos2x+3sinx-cosx-1=0
⇔ 2sinxcosx-(1-2sin²x) +3sinx-cosx-1=0
⇔ 2sin²x+2sinxcosx+3sinx-cosx-2=0
⇔ (2sin²x+3sinx-2)+ cosx(2sinx-1)=0
⇔ (2sinx-1)(sinx+2)+cosx(2sinx-1)=0
⇔ (2sinx-1)(sinx+cosx+2)=0
⇔ sinx=1212
⇔ x=π6π6+ k2ππ
hoặc x= 5π65π6+k2ππ (k∈Z)
(sinx+cosx+2)=0 (vô nghiệm do sinx+cosx+2=√22sin(x+π4π4)+2>0)
3.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\dfrac{1}{2}cosx=cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-3x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}-3x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+3x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(sinx=0\) không phải nghiệm (vế trái bằng 9, vế phải hiển nhiên nhỏ hơn 9)
Với \(sinx\ne0\):
\(\Rightarrow\left(3sinx-4sin^3x\right)\left(3-4sin^23x\right)=sinx-2sinx.cos10x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin3x\left(3-4sin^23x\right)=sinx-2sinx.cos10x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3sin3x-4sin^33x=sinx-sin11x+sin9x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin9x=sinx-sin11x+sin9x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin11x=sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)