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\(A=2xy-x^2-2yz+4y^2=2\cdot2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}-2^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(-1\right)+4\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(=2-4+1+4\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}=-2+1+1=0\)
x2 + 2y2 + z2 - 2xy - 2y - 4z + 5 = 0
<=> ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( y2 - 2y + 1 ) + ( z2 - 4z + 4 ) = 0
<=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + ( z - 2 )2 = 0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-2\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\forall x;y;z\)=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + ( z - 2 )2\(\ge\)0\(\forall\)x ; y ; z
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}\)( 1 )
Thay ( 1 ) vào A , ta được :
\(A=\left(1-1\right)^{2020}+\left(1-2\right)^{2020}+\left(2-3\right)^{2020}=0+1+1=2\)
Vậy A = 2
Ta có: \(x^2+2y^2+z^2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-4z+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(VT\ge0\left(\forall x,y,z\right)\) nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}\)
\(a,A=5x^2a-10xya+5y^2a\)
\(=5a\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=5a\left(x-y\right)^2\)
Thay x = 124; y=24;a=2 ta có
\(5.2\left(124-24\right)^2=10.100^2=100000\)
\(b,B=2x^2+2y^2-x^2z+z-y^2z-2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)-z\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)\left(2-z\right)\)
Thay x = 1 ; y = 1; z= -1 ta có
\(\left(1^2+1^2-1\right)\left(2-\left(-1\right)\right)=\left(1+1-1\right)\left(2+1\right)=1.3=3\)
\(c,C=x^2-y^2+2y-1\)
\(=x^2-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=x^2-\left(y-1\right)^2=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
Thay x = 75; y = 26 ta có
\(\left(75-26+1\right)\left(75+26-1\right)=50.100=5000\)
c)\(x^3+3xy+y^3\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3xy=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+3xy\)
\(=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+3xy\)
\(=x^2-xy+y^2+3xy\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=1^2=1\)
a,A=5x2z-10xyz+5y2z
=5z(x2-2xy+y2)
=5z(x-y)2
Thay x=124,y=24,z=2 vào A ta được:
A=5.2(124-24)2=10.1002=10000
b,B=2x2+2y2-x2z+z-y2z-2
=2(x2+y2)-z(x2+y2)+(z-2)
=(2-z)(x2+y2)-(2-z)
=(2-z)(x2+y2-1)
Thay x=1,y=1,z=-1 vào B
B=(2+1)(12+12-1)=3
c, C=x2-y2+2y-1
=x2-(y2-2y+1)
=x2-(y-1)2
=(x-y+1)(x+y-1)
=(75-26+1)(75+26-1)
=50.100=5000
\(2x^2+2y^2+z^2-2x+2y+2xy+2yz+2zx+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=-y=z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A=x^{2018}+y^{2018}+z^{2018}=1^{2018}+\left(-1\right)^{2018}+1^{2018}=3\)
...
`x(2y-z)-2y(z-2y)`
`=x(2y-z)+2y(2y-z)`
`=(2y-z)(x+2y)`
Với `x=2,y=1/2,z=-1`, biểu thức trên được viết thành :
\(\left[2.\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(-1\right)\right].\left(2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\ =\left(1+1\right).\left(2+1\right)\\ =2.3=6\)
x(2y−z)−2y(z−2y)
=x(2y-z)+2y(2y-z)=x(2y−z)+2y(2y−z)
=(2y-z)(x+2y)=(2y−z)(x+2y)
Với x=2,y=1/2,z=-1x=2,y=1/2,z=−1, biểu thức trên được viết thành :
\left[2.\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(-1\right)\right].\left(2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\ =\left(1+1\right).\left(2+1\right)\\ =2.3=6[2.21−(−1)].(2+2.21)=(1+1).(2+1)=2.3=6