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a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le4\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=6x-3\left(x+7-2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=3\left(x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-52\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a=3a^2-52\Leftrightarrow3a^2-a-52=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-4\left(l\right)\\a=\frac{13}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=\frac{13}{3}\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm nên ko muốn giải tiếp, bạn bình phương lên và chuyển vế thôi :(
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{1}{4}\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{4x+1}+2\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=5+4\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}\)
Pt trở thành:
\(a+10\left(\frac{a^2-5}{4}\right)=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2+2a-51=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{17}{5}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2\right)=12-x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=24-2x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=a\) ta được:
\(a^2=24-2a\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-24=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=4\left(x>0\right)\\x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=-6\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=16\\x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^4+2x^2-8=0\\x^4+2x^2-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\\x^2=\sqrt{19}-1\\x^2=-\sqrt{19}-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}< 0\left(l\right)\\x=-\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}\\x=\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}>0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{x+1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)-\sqrt{x+1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|+\left|2-\sqrt{x-1}\right|=1\)
Ta có \(VT\ge\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1+2-\sqrt{x-1}\right|=1\)
Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(1\le\sqrt{x-1}\le2\Rightarrow2\le x\le5\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(2\le x\le5\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}+1\right|-\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2\)
- Với \(\sqrt{x-1}\ge1\Rightarrow x\ge2\) ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1-\sqrt{x-1}+1=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2=2\) (luôn đúng)
- Với \(1\le x< 2\) ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1-1+\sqrt{x-1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\Rightarrow x=2\left(l\right)\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(x\ge2\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\le x\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5-4x^2+4\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\sqrt{5-4x^2-4\sqrt{1-x^2}}=2x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4-4x^2+2\sqrt{4-4x^2}+1}+\sqrt{4-4x^2-2\sqrt{4-4x^2}+1}=2x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{4-4x^2}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{4-4x^2}-1\right)^2}=2x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{4-4x^2}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{4-4x^2}-1\right|=2x+2\)
TH1: \(\sqrt{4-4x^2}\ge1\Rightarrow-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\le x\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) ta có:
\(\sqrt{4-4x^2}+1+\sqrt{4-4x^2}-1=2x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4-4x^2}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4-4x^2=x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+2x-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}-1\le x< -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\\\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}< x\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) ta có:
\(\sqrt{4-4x^2}+1+1-\sqrt{4-4x^2}=2x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=0\Rightarrow x=0\left(l\right)\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=\frac{3}{5}\)
ĐK: \(x^4-4x^3+14x-11\ge0\) (*)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x^4-4x^3+14x-11=x^2-2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\x^4-4x^3-x^2+16x-12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)
e/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3-\sqrt{x-1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=x^2-2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
f/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+5\ge0\\x^3+x^2+6x+28=\left(x+5\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-5\\x^3-4x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-5\\\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\frac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)