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We earn our ___LIVELIHOOD__ (LIVE) in America today in peaceful ___COMPETITION___ (COMPETE) with people all across the Earth. Profound and __POWERFUL___ (POWER) forces are shaking and __MAKING___ (MAKE) our world, and the urgent question of our time is whether we can make change our friend and not our enemy. This new world has already __ENRICHED___ (RICH) the lives of millions of Americans who are able to ___COMPETE__ (COMPETITION) and win in it. But when most people are working harder for less, when others cannot work at all, when the cost of health care devastates families and threatens to __BANKRUPT___ (BANK) our enterprises, great and small, when the fear of crime robs law abiding citizens of their __FREEDOM___ (FREE), and when millions of poor children cannot even imagine the lives we are calling them to lead, we have not made change our friend.
We earn our ___livelihood__ (LIVE) in America today in peaceful ___competition___ (COMPETE) with people all across the Earth. Profound and __powerful___ (POWER) forces are shaking and __remaking___ (MAKE) our world, and the urgent question of our time is whether we can make change our friend and not our enemy. This new world has already __enriched___ (RICH) the lives of millions of Americans who are able to __compete___ (COMPETITION) and win in it. But when most people are working harder for less, when others cannot work at all, when the cost of health care devastates families and threatens to __bankrupt___ (BANK) our enterprises, great and small, when the fear of crime robs law abiding citizens of their __freedom___ (FREE), and when millions of poor children cannot even imagine the lives we are calling them to lead, we have not made change our friend.
Polyester is now being used for bottles. ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, believes that it is now beginning to break the grip of glass on the bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.
All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt that the most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.
Since 1982 it has opened three new factories’ producing “Melinar” , the raw material from which high quality polyester bottles are made.
The polyester bottle was born in the 1970s, when soft drinks companies : like Coca Cola started selling their drinks in grant two-litre containers. Because of the build-up of the pressure of gas in these large containers, glass was unsuitable. Nor was PVC, the plastic which had been used for bottles since the 1960s, suitable for drinks with gas in them. A new plastic had to be made.
Glass is still cheaper for the smaller bottles, and will continue to be so unless oil and plastic become much cheaper, but plastic does well for the larger sizes.
Polyester bottles are virtually unbreakable. The manufacturers claim they are also lighter, less noisy when being handled, and can be re-used. Shopkeepers and other business people are unlikely to object to a change from glass to polyester, since these bottles mean few breakages, which are costly and time-consuming.The public, though, have been more difficult to persuade. ICI’s commercial department is developing different bottles with interesting shapes, to try and make them visually more attractive to the public.
The next step could be to develop a plastic which could replace tins for food. The problem here is the high temperatures necessary for cooking the food in the container.
1.Plastics of various kinds have been used for making bottles
A. since 1982.
B. since the 1970s but only for large bottles.
C. since the 1960s but not for liquids with gas in them.
D. since companies like Coca Cola first tried them.
2. Why is ICI’s Plastics Division interested in polyester for bottles?
A. The other things they make are not selling well.
B. Glass manufacturers cannot make enough new bottles.
C. They have factories which could be adapted to make it.
D. The price of oil keeps changing.
3. Why aren’t all bottles now made of polyester? (Câu này mk hk chắc)
A. The price of oil and plastic has risen.
B. It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks.
C. The public like traditional glass bottles.
D. Shop keepers dislike re-usable bottles.
4. Manufacturers think polyester bottles are better than glass bottles because they
A. are cheaper.
B. are more suited to small sizes.
C. are more exciting to look at.
D. do not break easily.
5. Plastic containers for holding food in the same way as cans
A. have been used for many years.
B. are an idea that interests the plastics companies.
C. are possible, but only for hot food.
D. are the first things being made in the new factories.
Cell phones have been popular in Japan since the early 1990s, but it was not until 1999 that their use really took off. The age of cell phones has emerged, but with it come problems.
Cell phones are used on buses and trains, in restaurants, and in all areas of life. They causeproblems when they ring during meetings, concerts, wedding, or even funerals. What’s more, people speak loudly in public, and students read and text messages during lessons. More seriously, when a cell phone is used near a person using a pacemaker to regulate his hearbeat, its radio waves may interfere with the functioning of the pacemaker.
Now, something is being done to solve these problems. In many places, new technology is being used to block cell phone calls. Airline passengers are requested to stop using cell phones while on board. Concert halls ask their audience to switch their phones to the silent mode. However, phone users fear that if they do not answer their phones, they will lose valuable business opportunities. That’s why many do not turn off their phones even when they are asked to.
Fill in each gap with one suitable word:
cell phones have been popular in Japan since the early 1990s, but it was not(1) until 1999 that their use really took off. The age of cell phones has emerged, but with it come problems. Cell phones are used on buses and trains, in restaurants, and in all(2) areas of life. They cause problems when they(3) ring during meeting, concerts, wedding, or event funerals. What's more, people speak loudly in pubic, and students read and text messages during lessons. More seriously, when a cell phone is used near a person using a(4) pacemarket to regulate his hearbeat, its radio waves may(5) interfere with the functioning of the pacemaker, Now, something is being done to(6) solve these problems.In many places, new technology is being used to block phone calls.Airline(7) passengers are requested to stop using cell phones while on board. Concerts halls ask their audience to switch their phone to the(8) silent mode. However, phone users fear that if they do not answer their phone, they will(9)lose valuable business opportunities. That's why many do not(10) turn off their phones even when they are asked to.
The world ocean of are so vast that they can cope with the present levels (pollute)___pollution_______(1)However, little is known about the long term effects of such slow poisoning. The most serious problem of modern time is that man is destroying the earth's (2)___natural______ (nature) resources and trasforming huge areas into wasteland. As a result, it is becoming (extreme)__extremely____(3) difficult to grow enough (4)__to feed_____(feed) the world's rapidly (5)___increasing___( increase) population. A way of protecting all the wildlife on the earth must also be (6)__found_______(find) as many species are in (7) ____danger___(dangerous) of disappearing completely from the face of the earth. The danger, however, are not confine (8)_____solely_____(sole) to the land and the sea. The smoke in the atmosphere, for example, is increasing so mu sunlight has been (9)____reduced_____(reduce) in many cities. Man's whole (eavironmental) ____environment____ (10)is being changed in a serious way
The world’s oceans are so vast that they .can.... cope with the present level of pollution. However, little is known about the long-term effects of .such... slow poisoning. The most serious problem of modern time is .that.... man is destroying the earth’s natural resources and transforming huge areas into.... wasteland. As a result, it is becoming extremely difficult to grow enough ..to... feed the world’s rapidly increasing population. A way of protecting all the wildlife on the earth must also be found.as.... many species are in danger of disappearing completely..from... the surface of the earth. The dangers, ..however..., are not confined solely to the land and the sea.The smoke in the atmosphere, for example, is increasing so...much.. that the amount of sunlight has reduced in many cities. Man’s ..... environment is being changed in a serious way.
23/ A. which B. that C. where D. when
24/ A. So B. Such C. That D. Many
25/ A. its B. it C. their D. theirs
26/ A. high B. low C. below D. above
27/ A. gentle B. violent C. terrible D. awful
28/ A. up B. on C. into D. onto
__T__ 29/ One good thing about a tornado is that it does not last long
__F__ 30/ Tornadoes over water are called funnels.
__F__ 31/ The annually number of tornadoes in the United States is about one hundred.
__T__ 32/ There are about two hundred tornadoes in one year in America
Choose the best option for each numbered blank
Alk five senses are important to us, but the two most important senses are (1)....PROBABLY... the sense of sight and the sense of hearing. Blind and deaf people must (2)...FIND... life difficult because they are unable to do (3)...THINGS.... that the rest of us can do naturally. People who (4)....LOSE.. their sense of taste can not enjoys food as (5)..FULLY.... as they used to, whilst (6).MEN....... who have no sense of smell can not realize; for example, when gas is (7)...LEAKING.... or when food has gone (8)..OFF.....
In addition to our physical senses, (9)....IT.. is a great help in life to have sense of humour, especially when things go wrong, and to have (10) sense OF HUMOR, something which can not be learned from books
All five senses are important to us, but the two most important senses are likely the sense of sight and the sense of hearing. Blind and deaf people must find life difficult because they are unable to do things that the rest of us can do naturally. People who lose their sense of taste can not enjoy food as well as they used to, whilst men who have no sense of smell can not realize, for example , when gas is leaking or food has gone out. In addition to our physical senses, which is a great help in life to have sense of humour, especially when things go wrong, and to have common sense, something which can not be learned from books
V Fill in each numbered blank with a word from the box
|
label down energy washing turn plug showers compact |
Saving(26)..............energy...........doesn't always take days of planning . there are many things you can do right now to start saving energy and cutting ( 27).....................down..........on costs .
* Never use the dishwasher or ( 28) .........washing..................machine unless it houses a full load .
* ( 29) .............Plug.............your electronics into power strips.
* ( 30 ) ........Turn............off your computer and monitor when they are not being used .
* Use ( 31) ...........compact..............fluorescent bulbs to light your home .
* Take short ( 32) ............showers.............instead of baths
* Buy products that have the Energy Star ( 33) ..............label.................on them
#Yumi
24. erupt
25. hurricane
26. nature
27. careless
28. farmland
29. little
30. faucet
31. recycling