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\(a)Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ b)n_{H_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ n_{Fe} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{H_2} = 0,3(mol)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4\ pư} = \dfrac{1}{4}n_{H_2} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{chất\ rắn\ sau\ phản\ ứng} = 0,3.56 + (34,8 -0,1.232)=28,4(gam)\\ c) \%m_{Fe_3O_4\ bị\ khử} = \dfrac{0,1.232}{34,8}.100\% = 66,67\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
0,18 <------------------------ 0,18
\(\rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{13,92-0,18.56}{16}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
CTHH: FexOy
=> x : y = 0,18 : 0,24 = 3 : 4
CTHH Fe3O4
\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 1 (mol)
0,18 : 0,18 (mol)
\(yCO+Fe_xO_y\rightarrow^{t^0}xFe+yCO_2\uparrow\)
1 : x (mol)
\(\dfrac{0,18}{x}\) 0,18 (mol)
\(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{m}{n}=\dfrac{13,92}{\dfrac{0,18}{x}}=\dfrac{232}{3}x\)
\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=\dfrac{232}{3}x\)
\(\Rightarrow16y=\dfrac{64}{3}x\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{64}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Rightarrow x=3;y=4\)
-Vậy CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe3O4
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.6}{56}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(0.05........0.15......0.1\)
\(\%Fe_2O_{3\left(bk\right)}=\dfrac{0.05\cdot160}{20}\cdot100\%=40\%0\%\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_X=20-0.05\cdot160+5.6=17.6\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{17,4}{232}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,075}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{4}\), ta được Fe3O4 dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,075-0,05=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}+m_{Fe}=0,025.232+0,15.56=14,2\left(g\right)\)
Số mol của khí H2;
nH2 = \(\dfrac{V}{22.4}\) = \(\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}\) = 0.2 mol
Số mol của 17,4g Fe3O4:
nFe3O4 = \(\dfrac{m}{M}\) = \(\dfrac{17.4}{232}\) = 0,075 mol
PTHH: 2H2 + Fe3O4 \(\rightarrow\) 3Fe + 4H2O
Tỉ lệ : 2 : 1 : 3 : 4
Mol: 0,2 0.075 \(\rightarrow\) 0.225
b.Khối lượng của Fe là
mFe = n.M = 0.225 . 56 = 12.6G
\(CT:Fe_xO_y\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}xFe+yH_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{4.032}{22.4}=0.18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.376}{22.4}=0.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\cdot0.18=0.24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(CT:Fe_3O_4\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.18}{3}\cdot232=13.92\left(g\right)\)
a,\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,3 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) ⇒ Mg dư, H2SO4 pứ hết
\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,3.120=36\left(g\right)\)
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{6,4}{160}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 3H2 + Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
Mol: 0,04 0,08
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{3}>\dfrac{0,04}{1}\) ⇒ H2 dư, Fe2O3 pứ hết
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,08.56=4,48\left(g\right)\)
nH2 = 4,032 : 22,4 = 0,18 (mol)
nFe2O3 = 14,4 : 160 = 0,09 (mol)
pthh : Fe2O3 + 3H2 -t--> 2Fe + 3H2O
LTL :
0,09/1 > 0,18/3 => Fe2O3 du
theo pt ; nFe = 2/3 nH2 = 0,12 (mol)
=> mFe = 0,12 .56 = 6,72 (g)
Fe2O3+3H2-to>2Fe+3H2O
0,06------0,18-----------0,12
n H2=\(\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}\)=0,18 mol
n Fe2O3=\(\dfrac{14,4}{160}\)=0,09 mol
=>Fe2O3 dư
=>m cr=0,12.56+0,03.160=11,52g