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\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8mol\Rightarrow n_C=0,8mol\Rightarrow m_C=9,6g\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{21,6}{18}=1,2g\Rightarrow n_H=2n_{H_2O}=2\cdot1,2=2,4mol\Rightarrow m_H=2,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_C+m_H=12g< m_A=18,4g\Rightarrow\)chứa O.
\(\Rightarrow m_O=18,4-12=6,4g\)
Gọi CTĐGN là \(C_xH_yO_z\)
\(x:y:z=\dfrac{m_C}{12}:\dfrac{m_H}{1}:\dfrac{m_O}{16}=\dfrac{9,6}{12}:\dfrac{2,4}{1}:\dfrac{6,4}{16}=2:6:1\)
\(\Rightarrow CTĐGN:C_2H_6O\)
a)\(C_2H_6O_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
1 0,8 1,2
\(m_{O_2}=1\cdot32=32g\)
b)Gọi CTPT là \(\left(C_2H_6O\right)_n\)
Theo bài: \(M_A=1,4375\cdot32=46\)
\(\Rightarrow46n=46\Rightarrow n=1\)
Vậy CTPT là \(C_2H_6O\)
a) PTHH: \(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\) (1)
\(4H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\) (2)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,1mol\\n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO}=0,1\cdot28=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{2,8}{2,8+0,4}\cdot100\%=87,5\%\\\%m_{H_2}=12,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,6mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,6\cdot158=94,8\left(g\right)\)
a)
Do \(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{H_2O}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=> \(\dfrac{n_C}{n_H}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Giả sử A có CTHH là CxH4xOy
Gọi số mol của A là a (mol)
=> 12ax + 4ax + 16ay = 3,2
=> ax + ay = 0,2 (1)
Bảo toàn C: nCO2 = ax (mol)
Bảo toàn H: nH2O = 2ax (mol)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn O: \(ay+0,4.2=2ax+2ax\)
=> 4ax - ay = 0,8 (2)
(1)(2) => ax = 0,2 (mol); ay = 0 (mol)
=> A chỉ chứa C và H
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=ax\left(mol\right)\\n_H=4ax\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_C=12.ax=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_H=1.4ax=0,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
Xét \(\dfrac{n_C}{n_H}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
=> CTPT: (CH4)n
Mà M = 16 g/mol
=> n = 1
=> CTPT: CH4
\(a,Đặt:n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right);n_{C_4H_{10}}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ 2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)8CO_2+10H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}16a+58b=7,4\\22,4a+22,4.4b=22\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{C_4H_{10}}=0,1.58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,n_{O_2}=2a+\dfrac{13}{2}b=2.0,1+6,5.0,1=0,85\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,85.22,4=19,04\left(l\right)\)
a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
b, Sửa đề: 17,9 (l) → 17,92 (l)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)=n_C\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{18}{18}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_H=1.2=2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mA = mC + mH = 0,8.12 + 2.1 = 11,6 (g)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mA + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O
⇒ mO2 = 0,8.44 + 18 - 11,6 = 41,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{32}=1,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1,3.22,4=29,12\left(l\right)\)
\(TrongA:n_C=n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_H=2n_{H_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{4,5-12.0,15-0,3.1}{16}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CTPT:C_xH_yO_z\\ Tacó:x:y:z=0,15:0,3:0,15=1:2:1\\ \Rightarrow CTĐGN:\left(CH_2O\right)_n\\ Tacó:\left(12+2+16\right).n=60\\ \Rightarrow n=2\\ Vậy:CTHHcủaA:C_2H_4O_2\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8.8}{44}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9.6}{32}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2CO_2\)
\(0.2.......0.1.......0.2\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2H_2O\)
\(0.4......0.3-0.1\)
\(\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot28}{0.2\cdot28+0.4\cdot2}\cdot100\%=87.5\%\)
\(\%m_{H_2}=100-87.5=12.5\%\)
a)
\(2CO + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2(1)\\ 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O(2) \)
b)
\(n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{8,8}{44} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{9,6}{32} = 0,3(mol)\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{CO} = n_{CO_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{O_2(1)} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{CO_2} = 0,1(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = 2n_{O_2(2)} = 2(0,3-0,1) = 0,4(mol)\)
Vậy :
\(\%m_{CO} = \dfrac{0,2.28}{0,2.28+0,4.2}.100\% = 87,5\%\\ \%m_{H_2} = 100\% - 87,5\% = 12,5\%\)
a)
$4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5$
$S + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} SO_2$
b) Gọi $n_P = a(mol) ; n_S = b(mol) \Rightarrow 31a + 32b = 15,6(1)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P + n_S = \dfrac{5a}{4} + b = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,4 ; b = 0,1
$m_P = 0,4.31 = 12,4(gam)$
$m_S = 0,1.32 = 3,2(gam)$
c) $n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_P = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5} = 0,2.142 = 28,4(gam)$
$n_{SO_2} = n_S = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow V_{SO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17,6}{44}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> nC = 0,4 (mol)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{10,8}{18}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> nH = 1,2 (mol)
mA = mC + mH = 0,4.12 + 1,2 = 6 (g)
b)
Bảo toàn O: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,4.2+0,6}{2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
=> mO2 = 0,7.32 = 22,4 (g)
Sao từ số mol của CO2 mà bạn tính ra đc số mol của C vậy??