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\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol C, S là a, b
=> 12a + 32b = 7,68
PTHH: C + O2 --to--> CO2
_____a--------------->a
S + O2 --to--> SO2
b--------------->b
=> a + b = \(\dfrac{9,856}{22,4}=0,44\)
=> a = 0,32; b = 0,12
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%C=\dfrac{0,32.12}{7,68}.100\%=50\%\\\%S=\dfrac{0,12.32}{7,68}.100\%=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: S + O2 ---to---> SO2
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_S=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{SO_2}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=n_S=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{O_2}=0,2.32=6,4\left(g\right)\)
a)S+O2-------->SO2
b)n S=6,4/32=0,2(mol)
Theo pthh
n SO2 =n S=0,2(mol)
V SO2=0,2.22,4=4,48(mol)
a, \(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: S + O2 ----to----> SO2
Mol: 0,2 0,2 0,2
b, \(m_{SO_2}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
Gọi nC = a (mol); nS = b (mol)
12a + 32b = 12 (1)
PTHH:
C + O2 -> (t°) CO2
a ---> a ---> a
S + O2 -> (t°) SO2
b ---> b ---> b
44a + 64b = 28 (2)
Từ (1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,3 (mol)
nO2 = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 (mol)
VO2 = 0,5 . 22,4 = 11,2 (l)
a) PTHH : \(S+O_2->SO_2\)
b) Ta có : \(n_S\) = \(\dfrac{m_S}{M_S}\) = 0.1 (mol)
Có : \(n_S=n_{O_2}\)
--> \(n_{O_2}\) = 0.1 (mol)
=> \(V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}\) = \(n_{O_2}\) . 22.4 = 2.24 (L)
\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\\ \left(mol\right)..0,1\rightarrow0,1..0,1\\ V_{O_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
nFe = 16.8/56 = 0.3 (mol)
3Fe + 2O2 -to-> Fe3O4
0.3......0.2...........0.1
VO2 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48 (l)
mFe3O4 = 0.1*232 = 23.2 (g)
\(n_C=n_S=x\left(mol\right)\\ m_C+m_S=m_{hh}\\ \Leftrightarrow12x+32x=4,4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=n_C=n_S=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,\%m_C=\dfrac{0,1.12}{4,4}.100\approx27,273\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_S\approx72,727\%\\ b,C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\\ S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\\ n_{O_2\left(tồng\right)}=n_C+n_S=0,1+0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ M_{hh\left(CO_2,SO_2\right)}=\dfrac{44.0,1+64.0,1}{0,2}=54\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow d_{\dfrac{hh\left(CO_2,SO_2\right)}{H_2}}=\dfrac{54}{2}=27\)