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Câu 1:
a, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 80x + 160y = 40 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}+3n_{Fe_2O_3}=x+3y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + 3y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,3.80=24\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 4:
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{150}{18}=\dfrac{25}{3}\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ ta được H2O dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = mNa + mH2O - mH2 = 6,9 + 150 - 0,15.2 = 156,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{156,6}.100\%\approx7,66\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH: 2Na +2H2O →2NaOH+ H2 ↑
\(+n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta có:
\(+n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(+n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(+m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(gam\right)\)
\(+C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{150+6,9-0,15.2}.100\%\approx7,66\%\)
a, \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y = 40 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}+3n_{Fe_2O_3}=x+3y=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,3.80=24\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
Gọi số mol CuO, Fe2O3 là a, b (mol)
=> 80a + 160b = 40 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a--->a--------->a
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
b----->3b---------->2b
=> a + 3b = 0,6 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,3 (mol);b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,3.80}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{40}.100\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nFe = 2b = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2------------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
PTHH:
\(CuO+H_2\) \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) \(Cu+H_2O\) \(\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\) \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) \(2Fe+3H_2O\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Số mol H2 là 0,6 mol
Gọi số mol H2 tham gia pư 1 là x mol \(\left(0,6>x>0\right)\)
Số mol H2 tham gia pư 2 là \(\left(0,6-x\right)mol\)
Theo PTHH 1:
\(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH 2:
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\frac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=\left(0,6-x\right):3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo bài khối lượng hh là 40g
Ta có pt: \(80x+\left(0,6-x\right)160:3=40\)
Giải pt ta được \(x=0,3\)
Vậy \(n_{CuO}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=\left(0,3.80.100\right):40=60\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\left(0,1.160.100\right):40=40\%\)
1)
PTHH: \(2Cu+O_2\) \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) \(2CuO\)
x x
Gọi số mol Cu phản ứng là x mol ( x >0)
Chất rắn X gồm CuO và Cu
Ta có PT: 80x + 25,6 – 64x = 28,8
Giải PT ta được x = 0,2
Vậy khối lượng các chất trong X là:
\(m_{Cu}\) = 12,8 gam
\(m_{CuO}\) = 16 gam
2)
Gọi kim loại hoá trị II là A.
PTHH: \(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
Số mol \(H_2\)= 0,1 mol
Theo PTHH: \(n_A=n_{H_2}\)= 0,1 (mol)
Theo bài \(m_A\) = 2,4 gam \(\Rightarrow\) \(M_A\) = 2,4 : 0,1 = 24 gam
Vậy kim loại hoá trị II là Mg
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{CuO}+m_{Fe_2O_3}=40\\ \Rightarrow80x+160y=40\left(1\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ \left(mol\right)......x\rightarrow.x\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\ \left(mol\right).....y\rightarrow....3y\\ V_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x+3y=0,6\left(2\right)\)
\(\xrightarrow[\left(2\right)]{\left(1\right)}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+160y=40\\x+3y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=80.0,3=24\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=40-24=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-60\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\\ Đặt:n_{Fe_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right);n_{CuO}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ m_{hhoxit}=k\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left(1\right)160a+80b=k\\ \left(2\right)112a+64b=0,72k\\ \Rightarrow6,4a=12,8b\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{12,8}{6,4}=\dfrac{2}{1}\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{160.2}{160.2+80.1}.100=80\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}=20\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=2a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_X=80\cdot2a+160a=80\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=0.5+0.25\cdot3=1.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=1.25\cdot22.4=28\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{cr}=0.5\cdot64+0.5\cdot56=60\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\) (2)
Theo PT (1): \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=15,6-5,4=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (1), (2): \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PT (1), (2): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}+3n_{Al_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(c\text{ần}.d\text{ùng}\right)}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
a, -Gọi số mol của CuO và Fe2O3 lần lượt là x, y ( mol )
PTKL : \(80x+160y=40\left(I\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
..x.........x............
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
...y............3y......
=> \(n_{H_2}=x+3y=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\left(II\right)\)
- Giair I và II ta được : x = 0,3 , y = 0,1 ( mol )
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mCuO=n.M=24\left(g\right)\\mFe2O3=mhh-mCuO=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\%CuO=\dfrac{m}{mhh}.100\%=60\%\)
=> %Fe2O3 =100% - %CuO = 40% .
Vậy ...