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b: Gọi số bị trừ là x
Số trừ là x-98
Theo đề, ta có: \(x\left(x-98\right)=1998\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-98x-1998=0\)
mà x nguyên
nên \(x\notin\varnothing\)
`A=2^{0}+2^{1}+2^{2}+....+2^{99}`
`=(1+2+2^{2}+2^{3}+2^{4})+(2^{5}+2^{6}+2^{7}+2^{8}+2^{9})+......+(2^{95}+2^{96}+2^{97}+2^{97}+2^{99})`
`=(1+2+2^{2}+2^{3}+2^{4})+2^{5}(1+2+2^{2}+2^{3}+2^{4})+.....+2^{95}(1+2+2^{2}+2^{3}+2^{4})`
`=31+2^{5}.31+....+2^{95}.31`
`=31(1+2^{5}+....+2^{95})\vdots 31`
\(A=2^0+2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+...+2^{99}\)
\(=\left(2^0+2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^5\left(2^0+2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{95}\left(2^0+2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)=31+31.2^5+...+31.2^{95}=31\left(1+2^5+...+2^{95}\right)⋮31\)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{2009}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4.\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)\)
⇒ \(B\) ⋮ 4
b: \(C=5\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^{2008}\left(1+5+5^2\right)=31\cdot\left(5+...+5^{2008}\right)⋮31\)
2+2^2+2^3+...+2^1000 =(2+2^2+2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8)+...+(2^97+2^98+2^99+2^100)
=2.(1+2+2^2+2^3)+2^5.(1+2+2^2+2^3)+...+2^97.(1+2+2^2+2^3)
=2.31+2^5.31+...+2^97.31
=31.(2+2^5+...+2^97) chia hết cho 31
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Chia 1998 số thành 666 nhóm như sau:
A=(31+32+33)+(34+35+3 6)+...+(3 1996+3 1997+3 1998)
A=39+3 4.(3 1+3 2+3 3)+...+3 1996.(3 1+3 2+3 3)
A=39+3 4.39+...+3 1996.39
A=39.(3 4+...+3 1996)
A=13.3.(3 4+...+3 1996)
=>A chia hết cho 13.