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1. The....protection..........of the environment must be the responsibility of everyone (protect)
2. We need an.....experiencing..accountant to do the job, not a greenhorn (experience)
3. He ........sneakily........looked into her diary while she was out getting dinner (sneak)
4. It is often very.....embarrassing.......to make a speech in front of a lot of people for the first time (embarrass)
5. Some children are very......imaginative.......They can imagine special friends that they don't really have (imagine)
6. I'd like to give this bottle of wine as a mark of.........appreciation....for all the work you've done for us (appreciate)
7. Dan is a very good student; I am...confident...of his success in the next exams (confidence)
8. Your rudeness caused a lot of......embarrassments.........for me at the party (embarrass)
9. I don't want to make friends with him because I don't like his...........................look (sneak)
10. You should look the word up in the dictionary to check its...............................meaning (exactly)
9. I don't want to make friends with him because I don't like his.......sneaky..look (sneak)
10. You should look the word up in the dictionary to check its..........exact...meaning (exactly)
i/ choose the one word or phrase abc or d, that best completes the sentences or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase
4. the school appeared essentially ______ since my day
a, changed b. unchanged c. changeable d. unchangeable
5, i've got lots of_____ but only a few are really good friends
a. close friends b. accquaintances c. neighbors d. partners
6, unselfishness is the very essence of friendship
a. romantic part b. important part c. difficult part d, interesting part
7. they ____ a close friendship at university
a. created b. became c. promoted d. formed
8. we stayed friends even after we ____ and left home
a. brought up b. turned up c. grew up d. took up
9. Sarah brightened ____ considerably as she thought of Emily's words
a. with b. on c. up d. for
10. does he tell you how he is getting ___ his new friend
a. on with b. on of c. away with d. out of
11. there is no truth in the ___ that Margaret has lost her job
a. rumour b. case c. instance d. news
12. friendship is a two side ____; it lives by give and take
a. affair b. event c. way d. aspect
13. Jen had confided her secret to Mark ; but he betrayed her _________-
a, loyalty b. trust c. constancy d. sympathy
14. it was so relaxing to be ___ old friend
a. in b. between c. among d. around
15. she's made friends ___ a little girl who lives next door
a. to b. of c.by d. with
16. the children seem to be totally capable _____ working by themselves
a. on b. of c. in d, for
17. they were extremely ____ to my plight
a. sympathyzed b. sympathetic c. sympathy d. sympathetical
4. the school appeared essentially ______ since my day
a, changed b. unchanged c. changeable d. unchangeable
5, i've got lots of_____ but only a few are really good friends
a. close friends b. accquaintances c. neighbors d. partners
6, unselfishness is the very essence of friendship
a. romantic part b. important part c. difficult part d, interesting part
7. they ____ a close friendship at university
a. created b. became c. promoted d. formed
8. we stayed friends even after we ____ and left home
a. brought up b. turned up c. grew up d. took up
9. Sarah brightened ____ considerably as she thought of Emily's words
a. with b. on c. up d. for
10. does he tell you how he is getting ___ his new friend
a. on with b. on of c. away with d. out of
11. there is no truth in the ___ that Margaret has lost her job
a. rumour b. case c. instance d. news
12. friendship is a two side ____; it lives by give and take
a. affair b. event c. way d. aspect
13. Jen had confided her secret to Mark ; but he betrayed her _________-
a, loyalty b. trust c. constancy d. sympathy
14. it was so relaxing to be ___ old friend
a. in b. between c. among d. around
15. she's made friends ___ a little girl who lives next door
a. to b. of c.by d. with
16. the children seem to be totally capable _____ working by themselves
a. on b. of c. in d, for
17. they were extremely ____ to my plight
a. sympathyzed b. sympathetic c. sympathy d. sympathetical
18. the president expressed his deep sorrow over the bombing deaths
a. sadness b. anxiety c. disappointment d. interest
4. the school appeared essentially ______ since my day
a, changed b. unchanged c. changeable d. unchangeable
5, i've got lots of_____ but only a few are really good friends
a. close friends b. accquaintances c. neighbors d. partners
6, unselfishness is the very essence of friendship
a. romantic part b. important part c. difficult part d, interesting part
7. they ____ a close friendship at university
a. created b. became c. promoted d. formed
8. we stayed friends even after we ____ and left home
a. brought up b. turned up c. grew up d. took up
9. Sarah brightened ____ considerably as she thought of Emily's words
a. with b. on c. up d. for
10. does he tell you how he is getting ___ his new friend
a. on with b. on of c. away with d. out of
11. there is no truth in the ___ that Margaret has lost her job
a. rumour b. case c. instance d. news
12. friendship is a two side ____; it lives by give and take
a. affair b. event c. way d. aspect
13. Jen had confided her secret to Mark ; but he betrayed her _________-
a, loyalty b. trust c. constancy d. sympathy
14. it was so relaxing to be ___ old friend
a. in b. between c. among d. around
15. she's made friends ___ a little girl who lives next door
a. to b. of c.by d. with
16. the children seem to be totally capable _____ working by themselves
a. on b. of c. in d, for
17. they were extremely ____ to my plight
a. sympathyzed b. sympathetic c. sympathy d. sympathetical
18. the president expressed his deep sorrow over the bombing deaths
a. sadness b. anxiety c. disappointment d. interest
1. the aim of the culture festival is ___ friendship beween the two countries
a, promote b. promoting c. to promote d, being promoted
2. how can you let such a silly incident ____ your friendship
a. wreck b, to wreck c, wrecking d. that wrecks
3. i think your mother should let you ___ your own mind
a. make up b. to make up c. making up d. made up
4. do you know what made so many people ___ their home >
a. evacuate b. to evacuate c. evacuated d. be evacuated
5. it has become necessary ___ water in the metropolitan area because of the severe drought
a. rationing b. ration c. to ration d. to have rationed
6. ______ good ice cream, you need to use alot of cream
a. make b. making c. to make d. for make
7. i got my friend ___ her car for the weekend
a. to let me to borrow b. to let me borrow
c. let me borrow d. let me to borrow
8, he finds it ___ lasting friendships
a. difficult to make b. difficulty in making c. is difficult to make d. difficult making
9. they ___ good friends but they've fallen out recently
a. used to be b. would be c. were d. are
10. how about going to the theater? ok but i would reather ___ a concert
a. attend b. to attend c, attending d. have attended
11. jim doesn't speak very clearly____
a. its difficult to understand him
b. its difficult for understanding him
c, he's difficult in understand him
d. its difficult to understand
12. last night we saw a meteor __ through the sky
a. streaked b. to streak c. streak d. to have streaked
13. the skiers would reather ___ through the mountains than go by bus
a. to travel on train b. traveled by train c. travel by train d. traveling by the train
14. ___bread, you usually need flour salt and yeast
a. make b. to make c. making d. for make
15. i was delighted ___ my old friend again
a. to see b. seeing c. seen d. to be seen
16. i'd rather __ to Elvis than the Beatles
a. listen b. to listen c. listening d. listened
17. of we leave now for our trip, we can drive half the distance before we stop ___ lunch
a. having b. to have c. having had d. for having
18. it's possible ___ a train across Canada
a. take b. to take c. taking d. to be taken
19. before we leve, let's have Shelley ___ a map for us so we won't get lost
a. draw b. to draw c. drawing d. drawn
I DENTIFY THE ONE UNDERLINED WORD OR PHRASE ABC OR D THAT MUST BE CHANGED FOR THE SENTENCE TO BE CORRECT
1. Simon (finds) (it hard) (for making) friends (with) other children
=>Simon finds it hard to make friends with other children.
2. whatever (happened) i (didn't want) (to lose) friendship (of) Vera
=>Whatever happened, I don't want to lose friendship with Vera.
3. (during) a curfew it is not possible (walking) (on) the streets after (a specifield) hour
=>During a curfew it is not possible to walk on the streets after a specified hour
4. clay (that) (has been) heated or fried in a kiln cannot (to be) (softened) again
=>Clay that has been heated or tired in a kiln cannot be softened again.
5. as they (grow older) children in many cultures (were taught) (not to rely) (on their parents)
=>as they grow older, children in many cultures are taught not to rely on their parents
6. the basic (aims of )science and magic are very (similar) (to understand) and (to control) nature
=> the basic aims of science and magic are very similar- to understand and control nature.
WRITING
1. they arrived home late
-1. He saw they arriving home late.
2. she didn't want to stay there for the weekend
-they made her stay there for the weekend.
3. contacting her at work is quite easy
- she is quite easy to contact at work.
4. can you sign the papers please? they are ready now
- the papers are ready for you to sign.
5. dont lend Tom any money. that would be most unwise
- you would be unwise to lend Tom any money.
6. mr. pinchley doesn't allow his teenage children to go out in the evenings
- mr pinchley makes his teenage children stay home in the evenings.
7, harry couldn't get his parents permission to boy a motorboke
-harry's parents didn't buy him a motorbike.
Part 4:
We have seen photographs of the whole earth taken from great distances in outer space. This is the first time, the (131) very first time, in man's long history that such pictures have been possible. (132) For many years most people have believed that the earth was ball-shaped. A few thought it was round and (133) flat, like a coin. Now we know, beyond doubt, that those few were (134) wrong/mistaken. The photographs show a ball-shaped (135) earth/planet, bright and beautiful. In colour photographs of the earth, the sky is as (136) black as coal. The (137) sea looks much bluer than it usually does to us. All our grey (138) clouds are a perfect white in colour; because, of course, the (139) sun is for ever shining on them. We are (140) lucky to live on the beautiful earth
1. One of the characteristics of the postal service before the 1840s was that
A. postmen were employed by various organisations.
B. letters were restricted to a certain length.
C. distance affected the price of postage.
D. the price of delivery kept going up.
2. Letter writers in the 1830s
A. were not responsible for the cost of delivery.
B. tried to fit more than one letter into an envelope.
C. could only send letters to people living in cities.
D. knew all letters were automatically read by postal staff.
3. What does the text say about Hill in the 1830s?
A. He was the first person to express concern about the postal system.
B. He considered it would be more efficient for mail to be delivered by rail.
C. He felt that postal service reform was necessary for commercial development.
D. His plan received support from all the important figures of the day.
It might not have looked very impressive, but the Penny Black, now 170 years old, was the first stamp to be created and it launched the modem postal system in Britain.
Before 1840 and the arrival of the Penny Black, you had to be rich and patient to use the Royal Mail. Delivery was charged according to the miles travelled and the number of sheets of paper used; a 2-page letter sent from Edinburgh to London, for example, would have cost 2 shillings, or more than £7 in today’s money. And when the top-hatted letter carrier came to deliver it, it was the recipient who had to pay for the postage. Letter writers employed various ruses to reduce the cost, doing everything possible to cram more words onto a page. Nobody bothered with heavy envelopes; instead, letters would be folded and sealed with wax. You then had to find a post office - there were no pillar boxes - and hope your addressee didn't live in one of the several rural areas which were not served by the system. If you were lucky, your letter would arrive (it could take days) without being read or censored.
The state of mail had been causing concern throughout the 1830s, but it was Rowland Hill, an inventor, teacher and social reformer from Kidderminster, who proposed a workable plan for change. Worried that a dysfunctional, costly service would stifle communication just as Britain was in the swing of its second industrial revolution, he believed reform would ease the distribution of ideas and stimulate trade and business, delivering the same promise as the new railways.
Hill’s proposal for the penny post, which meant any letter weighing less than half an ounce (14 grams) could be sent anywhere in Britain for about 30p in today’s money, was so radical that the Postmaster General, Lord Lichfield, said, 'Of all the wild and visionary schemes which I ever heard of, it is the most extravagant.’ Lord Lichfield spoke for an establishment not convinced of the need for poor people to post anything. But merchants and reformers backed Hill. Soon the government told him to make his scheme work. And that meant inventing a new type of currency.
Hill quickly settled on 'a bit of paper covered at the back with a glutinous wash which the user might, by applying a little moisture, attach to the back of a letter’. Stamps would be printed in sheets of 240 that could be cut using scissors or a knife. Perforations would not arrive until 1854. The idea stuck, and in August 1839 the Treasury launched a design competition open to ‘all artists, men of science and the public in general’. The new stamp would need to be resistant to forgery, and so it was a submission by one Mr Cheverton that Hill used as the basis for one of the most striking designs in history. Cheverton, who worked as a sculptor and an engineer, determined that a portrait of Queen Victoria, engraved for a commemorative coin when she was a 15-year-old princess, was detailed enough to make copying difficult, and recognisable enough to make fakes easy to spot. The words ‘Postage’ and ‘One Penny’ were added alongside flourishes and ornamental stars. Nobody thought to add the word ‘Britain’, as it was assumed that the stamps would solely be put to domestic use.
With the introduction of the new postal system, the Penny Black was an instant hit, and printers struggled to meet demand. By the end of 1840, more than 160 million letters had been sent - more than double the previous year. It created more work for the post office, whose reform continued with the introduction of red letter boxes, new branches and more frequent deliveries, even to the remotest address, but its lasting impact on society was more remarkable.
Hill and his supporters rightly predicted that cheaper post would improve the ‘diffusion of knowledge’. Suddenly, someone in Scotland could be reached by someone in London within a day or two. And as literacy improved, sections of society that had been disenfranchised found a voice.
Tristram Hunt, an historian, values the ‘flourishing of correspondence’ that followed the arrival of stamps. ‘While I was writing my biography of Friedrich Engels I could read the letters he and Marx sent between Manchester and London,’ he says. ‘They wrote to each other three times a day, pinging ideas back and forth so that you can almost follow a real-time correspondence.’
The penny post also changed the nature of the letter. Weight-saving tricks such as cross-writing began to die out, while the arrival of envelopes built confidence among correspondents that mail would not be stolen or read. And so people wrote more private things - politically or commercially sensitive information or love letters. ‘In the early days of the penny post, there was still concern about theft,’ Hunt says. ‘Engels would still send Marx money by ripping up five-pound notes and sending the pieces in different letters.’ But the probity of the postal system became a great thing and it came to be expected that your mail would not be tampered with.
For all its brilliance, the Penny Black was technically a failure. At first, post offices used red ink to cancel stamps so that they could not be used again. But the ink could be removed. When in 1842, it was determined that black ink would be more robust, the colour of the Penny Black became a sort of browny red, but Hill’s brainchild had made its mark.
1. One of the characteristics of the postal service before the 1840s was that
A. postmen were employed by various organisations.
B. letters were restricted to a certain length.
C. distance affected the price of postage.
D. the price of delivery kept going up.
2. Letter writers in the 1830s
A. were not responsible for the cost of delivery.
B. tried to fit more than one letter into an envelope.
C. could only send letters to people living in cities.
D. knew all letters were automatically read by postal staff.
3. What does the text say about Hill in the 1830s?
A. He was the first person to express concern about the postal system.
B. He considered it would be more efficient for mail to be delivered by rail.
C. He felt that postal service reform was necessary for commercial development.
D. His plan received support from all the important figures of the day.
Give the correct tense of the verbs
1. Jane (not be) wasn't at home yesterday evening
2. George (not, complete) hasn't completed the assignment yet
3. How long ago (he start) did he start to learn French ?
4. My father usually (drink) drinks beer after meals but now he (drink) is drinking tea
5. After he (be) had been ill for a long time, he (die) died last year
6. My children (watch) were watching TV when I (come)came back from work7. I (see) saw a bad accident while I (wait) was waiting for you on this corner
8. As soon as he (get) gets a certificate in English, he will apply for a job
9. When I looked round the door, the baby (sleep) was sleeping quietly
10. She is very absent-minded: she (lose)has lost her cell phone three times
11. I was sure that I (meet) had met him before
12. Nothing (change) has been changed in this town since I first visited it
13. While they (dance) were dancing in the hall, the light (go) went out
14. This is the first time I (be) have been to this country
15. Today is Thursday and she (be) is late twice this week. She (be) was late yesterday and on Monday
16. Last month my brother (send) sent me his photos. He (send) sends me his photos every year
17. What (you, do) have you done since you left school ?
18. Sometimes I get up before the sun (rise)rises
19. After Jessica (finish)finishes her degree, she intends to work in her father's company
20. By the time the police arrived, the house (be)had been burned down
21. I won't leave until she (come) comes back
22. They (begin) began to study at this school 7 years ago
23. Listen ! Someone (knock)is knocking the door
24. He often (listen) listens to classical music whenever he (have) has free time
25. They (not go)didn't go to the library last Sunday
26. Tom (not, speak) hasn't spoken to me since he (arrive)arrived
27. So far this week there (be)has been three burglaries in our street
28. Susan (send)sent a letter to her university last month after she (receive)had received her scholarship check
29. Be quiet ! My parent (work) are working in the room
30. My mother (be)has been in hospital for a long time and she cannot go home yet
31. Tim (play) was playing chess when I (come) came to visit him yesterday
32. Have You (see) seen Robert lately ?
33. When I was a child, I (play) played the violin
34. John will buy that book as soon as he (receive) receives his money next week
35. Linh's brother (lose) lost his job last month and since then he (be)has been out of work
36. As soon as she (save)saves one hundred million dongs, she will retire from work
37. When she was a little girl, every weekend (seem)seemed ideal
38. How many times have you (be) been to Ho Chi Minh City ?
1. The signal they…..was extremely difficult to decode. (took on / got through / picked up / made for)
2. I…..all day tomorrow as usual. (am working / will work / will be working / will have worked)
3. It’s…..that you be at the airport by 6 tomorrow morning. (suggestive / valuable / decisive / advisable)
4. We need special insurance to..…medical expenses in case of accidents. (make / cover / cost / charge)
5. Robert is a provocative man who never takes anything for….. (granted / grant / grants / granting)
6. Jack made some…..excuses about the car having broken down. (feeble / light / faint / vague)
7. Ted’s as smart as a….., so he’ll find a solution to this problem. (dictionary / book / newspaper / whip)
8. Nick has sold his…..car. (black old German / German old black / old black German / old German black)
9. His parents spent a lot of time persuading him to learn a..... (trade / job / work / career)
10. His landlady does not.....of his having parties at night. (agree / allow / permit / approve)
11. I cannot see the point..….on walls. (for writing / in writing / of writing / to write)
12. He’s a man who won’t…..his promise. (go through to / go back on / come up with / run away with)
13. Miners are wage-earners,.....teachers are salaried men. (therefore / whereas / otherwise / besides)