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Ta có \(-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{4ab^2}{2\sqrt{4b^2}}=\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b}=ab\)
\(-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{4a^2b}{2\sqrt{4a^2}}=\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}=ab\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}=\dfrac{a\left(4b^2+1\right)}{4b^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b\left(4a^2+1\right)}{4a^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4a^2+1}\ge a-ab+b-ab=4ab-2ab=2ab\)
Mà \(a+b=4ab\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=4\ge\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow4\sqrt{ab}\ge2\Rightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
ĐK $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=4$
Đặt $\frac{1}{x}=a; \frac{1}{y}=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,b>0$ thỏa mãn $a+b=4$. CMR:
$P=\frac{x^2}{y(x^2+4)}+\frac{y^2}{x(y^2+4)}\geq \frac{1}{2}$
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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$\frac{x^2}{y(x^2+4)}+\frac{y(x^2+4)}{64}\geq \frac{x}{4}$
$\frac{y^2}{x(y^2+4)}+\frac{x(y^2+4)}{64}\geq \frac{y}{4}$
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
$P\geq \frac{3(x+y)-xy}{16}=\frac{12-xy}{16}$
Mà $xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=4$
$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{12-4}{16}=\frac{1}{2}$
Ta có đpcm.
Đặt \(\left(a;2b;3c\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=3\)
\(Q=\dfrac{x+1}{1+y^2}+\dfrac{y+1}{1+z^2}+\dfrac{z+1}{1+x^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+1}{1+y^2}=x+1-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)y^2}{1+y^2}\ge x+1-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)y^2}{2y}=x+1-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)y}{2}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{y+1}{1+z^2}\ge y+1-\dfrac{\left(y+1\right)z}{2}\) ; \(\dfrac{z+1}{1+x^2}\ge z+1-\dfrac{\left(z+1\right)x}{2}\)
Cộng vế:
\(Q\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}+3-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}+3-\dfrac{1}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{2}+3-\dfrac{9}{6}=3\)
\(Q_{min}=3\) khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}=\dfrac{a\left(4b^2+1\right)}{4b^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b\left(4a^2+1\right)}{4a^2+1}-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4b^2+1}\)
\(\ge a-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b}+b-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}\) (bđt Cô-si)
=a-ab+b-ab=a+b-2ab=4ab-2ab=2ab
Lại có a+b=4ab \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=4\ge\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow4\sqrt{ab}\ge2\Rightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+b-\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\le a+b-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{4ba^2}{4a^2+1}\le4ab-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\sum\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}\le^{CS}2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow CM:2ab\le4ab-\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Từ GT \(\Rightarrow4ab=a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(ab+bc+ca=3\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\\abc\le1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P\le\dfrac{3}{8}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{a}{6a+2}+\dfrac{b}{6b+2}+\dfrac{c}{6c+2}\) nên chỉ cần chứng minh: \(\dfrac{a}{3a+1}+\dfrac{b}{3b+1}+\dfrac{c}{3c+1}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3a+1}+\dfrac{1}{3b+1}+\dfrac{1}{3c+1}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(3a+1\right)\left(3b+1\right)+\left(3b+1\right)\left(3c+1\right)+\left(3c+1\right)\left(3a+1\right)}{\left(3a+1\right)\left(3b+1\right)\left(3c+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6\left(a+b+c\right)+30}{27abc+3\left(a+b+c\right)+28}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{6\left(a+b+c\right)+30}{27+3\left(a+b+c\right)+28}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24\left(a+b+c\right)+120\ge165+9\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3\) (đúng)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky, ta có:
\(a+b+c\le\sqrt{3(a^2+b^2+c^2)}=\sqrt{3.3}=3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy, ta có:
\(A=\sum{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+8a^3}}}=\sum{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{(2a+1)(4a^2-2a+1)}}} \\\ge\sum{\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{4a^2+2}{2}}}=\sum{\dfrac{1}{2a^2+1}} \)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(\dfrac{1}{2a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{-4}{9}a+\dfrac{7}{9} \\<=>\dfrac{8a^3-14a^2+4a+2}{9(2a^2+1)}\ge0 \\<=>\dfrac{2(a-1)^2(4a+1)}{9(2a^2+1)}\ge0 (luôn\ đúng\ với\ mọi\ a>0) \\->\sum{\dfrac{1}{2a^2+1}}\ge\dfrac{-4}{9}(a+b+c)+\dfrac{21}{9}\ge\dfrac{-4}{9}.3+\dfrac{21}{9}=1 \\->A\ge1 \)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
Vậy GTNN của A là 1 (khi a = b = c = 1).
\(a^2-ab+b^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
thật ra là có 1 bài rút gọn nx, nhưng mik làm đc rồi. bài rút gọn đó ra A=-1, đây là ý tiếp theo của bài đó :<
Chắc là bạn ghi nhầm mẫu số cuối cùng
\(\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}=1+b-\dfrac{4a^2\left(1+b\right)}{1+4a^2}\ge1+b-\dfrac{4a^2\left(1+b\right)}{4a}=1+b-a\left(1+b\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}\ge1+c-b\left(1+c\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1+a}{1+4c^2}\ge1+a-c\left(1+a\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(P\ge3+a+b+c-\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(P\ge3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)