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Ta có: \(\left|2x+3y\right|\ge0\)\(\forall x,y\inℝ\); \(\left|4y+5z\right|\ge0\)\(\forall y,z\inℝ\); \(\left|xy+yz+zx+110\right|\ge0\)\(\forall x,y,z\inℝ\)
Nên: \(P=\left|2x+3y\right|+\left|4y+5z\right|+\left|xy+yz+xz+110\right|\ge0\)\(\forall x,y,z\inℝ\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(\left|2x+3y\right|+\left|4y+5z\right|+\left|xy+yz+xz+110\right|=0\)
Có: \( \left|2x+3y\right|=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3y=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-3y\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{-3}=\frac{y}{2}\)
\(\left|4y+5z\right|=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow4y+5z=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow4y=-5z\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{-5}=\frac{z}{4}\)
\(\left|xy+yz+zx+110\right|=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx+110=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=-110\)
Lại có: \(\frac{x}{-3}=\frac{y}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{-10}\) (1) ; \(\frac{y}{-5}=\frac{z}{4}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{y}{-10}=\frac{z}{8}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{-10}=\frac{z}{8}=k\)=> x = 15k ; y = (-10) . k ; z = 8k
Ta có: \(xy+yz+zx=-110\)\(\Rightarrow15k\left(-10\right)k+8k\left(-10\right)k+8k.15k=-110\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2\left(-150\right)+k^2\left(-80\right)+120k^2=-110\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2\left(-110\right)=-110\)\(\Rightarrow k^2=1\)\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}k=1\\k=-1\end{cases}}\)
+) Th1: k = 1
Có: x = 15k = 15 . 1 = 15
y = (-10) . k = (-10) . 1 = -10
z = 8k = 8 . 1 = 8
+) Th2: k = -1
Có: x = 15k = 15 . (-1) = -15
y = (-10) . k = (-10) . (-1) = 10
z = 8k = 8 . (-1) = -8
Vậy GTNN P = 0 <=> (x; y; z) = (15; -10; 8) hoặc (x; y; z) = (-15; 10; -8)
Đặt A=\(\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|4z-3x\right|+\left|xy+yz+xz-2484\right|\)
Ta có \(\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0;\left|4z-3x\right|\ge0;\left|xy+yz+xy-2484\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge0\Rightarrow Amin=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-3y=0\\4z-3x=0\\xy+yz+xz-2484=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{12}=\frac{y}{8}\left(1\right)\\\frac{x}{4}=\frac{z}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{12}=\frac{z}{9}\left(2\right)\\xy+yz+xz=2484\left(3\right)\end{cases}}}\)
Từ (1)(2)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{12}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{9}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=12k;y=8k;z=9k\)
Thay vào 3 ta có \(12.8.k^2+8.9.k^2+12.9.k^2=2484\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2\left(12.8+8.9+12.9\right)=2484\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2.276=2484\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2=9=\left(\pm3\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow k=\pm3\)
+Nếu k =3 thì x=36 ; y=24 ; z=27
+Nếu k = -3thì x=-36 ; y=-24 ; z=-27
Vậy \(Amin=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\in\left\{\left(36;24;27\right);\left(-36;-24;-27\right)\right\}\)
b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)
Đặt \(x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)
Thay vào A ta được : \(A=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186k}{245k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)
Ta có: |2x+3y|\(\ge0\)
|4y+5z|\(\ge0\)
|xy+yz+xz+110|\(\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) l2x+3yl+l4y+5zl+lxy+yz+xz+110l\(\ge0\)
hay P \(\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)GTNN của P=0
Dấu "="xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|2x+3y\right|=0\\\left|4y+5z\right|=0\\\left|xy+yz+xz+110\right|=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x+3y=0\\4y+5z=0\\xy+yz+xz+110=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\\\\xy+yz+xz=-110\end{cases}}\)
Theo đề ta có: \(x:y:z=3:4:5\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\)
Đặt: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}=k\left(k\inℕ^∗\right)\)
Suy ra: \(x=3k;y=4k;z=5k\) Thay vào biểu thức P ta có:
\(P=\frac{3k+8k+15k}{6k+12k+20k}+\frac{6k+12k+20k}{9k+16k+25k}+\frac{9k+16k+25k}{12k+20k+30k}\)
\(P=\frac{26k}{38k}+\frac{38k}{50k}+\frac{50k}{62k}=\frac{13}{19}+\frac{19}{25}+\frac{25}{31}=\frac{33141}{14725}\)
Vì \(2x+3y=0\Rightarrow2x=-3y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{-3}=\frac{y}{2}\)(1)
\(4y+5z=0\Rightarrow4y=-5z\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{-5}=\frac{z}{4}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{-10}=\frac{z}{8}\)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{-10}=\frac{z}{8}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow x=15k;y=-10k;z=8k\)(3)
Thay (3) vào bt trên
\(15k.\left(-10\right)k+\left(-10\right)k.8k+15k.8k=110\)
\(\Rightarrow-150k+-80k+120k=110\)
\(\Rightarrow-110k=110\)
\(\Rightarrow k=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-1.15=-15;y=-1.-10=10;z=-1.8=-8\)
Ta có: \(2x+3y=0\Rightarrow2x=-3y\Rightarrow\frac{x}{-3}=\frac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{-15}=\frac{y}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{-15}=\frac{y}{10}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-15k\\y=10k\end{cases}}\)
Ta lại có: \(4y+5z=0\Rightarrow4y=-5z\Rightarrow\frac{y}{-5}=\frac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{z}{-8}=\frac{y}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{z}{-8}=\frac{y}{10}=k\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}z=-8k\\y=10k\end{cases}}\)
Mà \(\text{xy + yz + xz = 110}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-15\right)k.10k+10k.\left(-8\right)k+\left(-15\right)k.\left(-8\right)k=110\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(-150\right)k^2+\left(-80\right)k^2+120k^2=110\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2.\left(-150+-80+120\right)=110\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2.\left(-110\right)=110\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2=110:\left(-110\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow k^2=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow k\in\varnothing\)
\(\Rightarrow x,y,z\in\varnothing\)
