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\(P\le\frac{x}{2\sqrt{x^4.y^2}}+\frac{y}{2\sqrt{x^2.y^4}}=\frac{x}{2x^2y}+\frac{y}{2xy^2}=\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}=\frac{1}{xy}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1
x,y>0 => theo bdt AM-GM thì x+y >/ 2 căn (xy)=2 , x^2+y^2 >/ 2xy=2 (do xy=1)
P=(x+y+1)(x^2+y^2)+4/(x+y)
>/ 2(x+y+1)+4/(x+y)=[(x+y)+4/(x+y)]+(x+y+2)
x,y>0=>x+y>0 => theo bdt AM-GM thì P >/ 2.2+2+2=8
minP=8
\(3=x+y+xy\le\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-2\)
\(P=\sqrt{9-x^2}+\sqrt{9-y^2}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\le\sqrt{2\left(9-x^2+9-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{4}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{2\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}.\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\sqrt{18-x^2-y^2}+\sqrt[]{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right).\sqrt{18-2}+\sqrt{\left(2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(\dfrac{18-x^2-y^2+x^2+y^2}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{1+8\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
từ giả thiết: \(x+y\le xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)(theo BĐT AM-GM)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-4\right)\ge0\)mà x,y dương nên \(x+y\ge4\)
ta có:\(16P\le\left(x+y\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{5x^2+7y^2}+\frac{1}{5y^2+7x^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz theo chiều ngược lại:
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{5x^2+7y^2}\le\frac{x^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\frac{y^2}{2\left(x^2+2y^2\right)}\)
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{5y^2+7x^2}\le\frac{y^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\frac{x^2}{2\left(y^2+2x^2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{5x^2+7y^2}+\frac{1}{5y^2+7x^2}\right)\le\frac{x^2+y^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\frac{x^2}{2\left(y^2+2x^2\right)}+\frac{y^2}{2\left(x^2+2y^2\right)}\)(*)
xét \(\frac{x^2}{y^2+2x^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2+2y^2}=2-\frac{x^2+y^2}{y^2+2x^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{x^2+2y^2}=2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(\frac{1}{y^2+2x^2}+\frac{1}{x^2+2y^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy:\(\frac{1}{y^2+2x^2}+\frac{1}{x^2+2y^2}\ge\frac{4}{3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
do đó \(\frac{x^2}{y^2+2x^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2+2y^2}\le2-\frac{4}{3}=\frac{2}{3}\)
kết hợp với (*):\(16VT\le\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{24}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=2
\(x\ge xy+1\Rightarrow1\ge y+\dfrac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{3x^2-xy+y^2}=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+1}{\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2-\dfrac{y}{x}+3}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=t\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{t^2+2t+1}{t^2-t+3}=\dfrac{t^2+2t+1}{t^2-t+3}-\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{\left(4t-1\right)\left(t+6\right)}{9\left(t^2-t+3\right)}+\dfrac{5}{9}\le\dfrac{5}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) khi \(t=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
