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\(a.\left(c.cosC-b.cosB\right)=a.\left(c.\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}-b.\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{3ac}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)c^2}{2bc}-\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)b^2}{2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)}{2bc}=\left(b^2-c^2\right)cosA\)
\(a\left(c.cosC-b.cosB\right)=a\left(c.\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}-b.\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right).c^2}{2bc}-\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right).b^2}{2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^4-c^4+a^2c^2-a^2b^2}{2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)}{2bc}=\left(b^2-c^2\right).cosA\)
Theo hệ quả định lí cô sin trong tam giác ta có: cosB = c 2 + a 2 − b 2 2 c a
Từ giả thiết: c = a. cosB nên:
c = a . c 2 + a 2 − b 2 2. c a ⇒ c = c 2 + a 2 − b 2 2 c ⇒ 2 c 2 = c 2 + a 2 − b 2 ⇒ a 2 = b 2 + c 2
Do đó, tam giác ABC vuông tại A.
ĐÁP ÁN C
\(\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{2c}=b.\dfrac{\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)}{2bc}-a.\dfrac{\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)}{2ac}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{2c}=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2c}-\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2-a^2=\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)-\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3b^2=3a^2\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Hay tam giác cân tại C
a/ \(b^2-c^2=ab.cosC-ac.cosB\)
Ta có: \(b.cosC-c.cosB=ab.\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}-ac.\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2}-\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2}=\dfrac{2b^2-2c^2}{2}=b^2-c^2\) (đpcm)
b/ \(ac.cosC-ab.cosB=ac.\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}-ab.\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{c^2\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)-b^2\left(a^2+c^2-b^2\right)}{2bc}=\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2-\left(ab\right)^2+b^4-c^4}{2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{-a^2\left(b^2-c^2\right)+\left(b^2-c^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}{2bc}=\left(b^2-c^2\right).\dfrac{\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)}{2bc}\)
\(=\left(b^2-c^2\right).cosA\) (đpcm)
c/ \(cotA+cotB+cotC=\dfrac{cosA}{sinA}+\dfrac{cosB}{sinB}+\dfrac{cosC}{sinC}=\dfrac{2R.cosA}{a}+\dfrac{2R.cosB}{b}+\dfrac{2R.cosC}{c}\)
\(=2R\left(\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2abc}+\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2abc}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2abc}\right)\)
\(=2R\left(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2abc}\right)=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}.R\) (đpcm)
\(b.cosB+c.cosC=2R.sinB.cosB+2R.sinC.cosC\)
\(=R\left(sin2B+sin2C\right)=2R.sin\left(B+C\right)cos\left(B-C\right)\)
\(=2R.sinA.cos\left(B-C\right)=\frac{a}{sinA}.sinA.cos\left(B-C\right)=a.cos\left(B-C\right)\)