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TK
S=1.4+2.5+3.6+4.7+....+n.(n+3) S = 1. ( 2 + 2 ) + 2. ( 3 + 2 ) + 3. ( 4 + 2 ) + . . . + n . [ ( n + 1 ) + 2 ] S = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + . . . . + n . ( n + 1 ) + ( 1.2 + 2.2 + 3.2 + . . . . + n .2 ) Đặt A = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + . . . . + n . ( n + 1 ) 3 A = 1.2.3 + 2.3. ( 4 − 1 ) + . . . . + n . ( n + 1 ) . [ ( n + 2 ) − ( n − 1 ) 3 A = 1.2.3 + 2.3.4 − 1.2.3 + . . . . + n . ( n + 1 ) . ( n + 2 ) − ( n − 1 ) . n . ( n + 1 ) 3 A = n . ( n + 1 ) . ( n + 2 ) A = [ n . ( n + 1 ) . ( n + 2 ) ] : 3 S = [ n . ( n + 1 ) . ( n + 2 ) ] : 3 + 2. ( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + n ) S = [ n . ( n + 1 ) . ( n + 2 ) ] : 3 + 2. n . ( n + 1 ) : 2 S = n . ( n + 1 ) . ( n + 2 ) : 3 + n . ( n + 1 ) S = n . ( n + 1 ) . [ ( n + 2 ) : 3 + 1 )
D = 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... + n^2
= 1.( 2 - 1 ) + 2.( 3-1 ) + 3.( 4-1 ) + .... + n.[ ( n+ 1) - 1 ]
= 1.2 - 1 + 2.3 - 2 + 3.4 - 3 + .... + n.( n+1 ) - n
= [ 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ..... + n.( n + 1 ) ] - ( 1 + 2 + 3 + .... + n )
= { [ n.( n+1 ).( n+2 )] /3 } - { [ n.( n+1)] /2 }
= { n(n+1)(2n+1) }/ 6
Vậy.........
Bài 2:
\(n^3-n^2+2n+7⋮n^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n^3+n-n^2-1+n+8⋮n^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n^2-64⋮n^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n^2+1\in\left\{1;65\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n\in\left\{0;8;-8\right\}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
