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Gọi N là trung điểm BC
\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+2\overrightarrow{OC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2\overrightarrow{MO}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+2\overrightarrow{OC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2\overrightarrow{MC}+2\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left|\overrightarrow{MN}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BD}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{BD}\right|=4\left|\overrightarrow{MN}\right|=4\left|\overrightarrow{DN}+\overrightarrow{MD}\right|\ge4MD-4DN\)
\(\Rightarrow4MD\le BD+4DN\)
\(\Leftrightarrow MD\le\dfrac{BD+4DN}{4}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}+2a\sqrt{5}}{4}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}{4}a\)
1.
Đặt \(P=\left|\overrightarrow{AD}+3\overrightarrow{AB}\right|\Rightarrow P^2=AD^2+9AB^2+6\overrightarrow{AD}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=AD^2+9AB^2=10AB^2=10a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=a\sqrt{10}\)
2.
Tam giác ABC đều nên AM là trung tuyến đồng thời là đường cao \(\Rightarrow AM\perp BM\)
\(AM=\dfrac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}\) ; \(BM=\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(T=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow T^2=MA^2+4MB^2+4\overrightarrow{MA}.\overrightarrow{MB}=MA^2+4MB^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+4\left(\dfrac{a}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{7a^2}{4}\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{a\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
3.
\(T=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CG}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\right|\)
\(=\left|\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\Rightarrow T^2=\dfrac{16}{9}AB^2+\dfrac{4}{9}AC^2-\dfrac{16}{9}\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\dfrac{20}{9}AB^2-\dfrac{16}{9}AB^2.cos60^0=\dfrac{20}{9}a^2-\dfrac{16}{9}a^2.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{4}{3}a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Gọi N là trung điểm AB
\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left|\overrightarrow{MN}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BA}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow MN=\dfrac{a^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta MAB\) vuông tại M
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\Rightarrow MH^2=HA.HB\le\dfrac{\left(HA+HB\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{AB^2}{4}=\dfrac{a^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow MH\le\dfrac{a}{2}\)
1)\(VT=\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{OD}=\overrightarrow{CO}+\overrightarrow{DO}+\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{CO}+\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{DO}+\overrightarrow{OD}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
2)\(VT=\overrightarrow{DA}-\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{DC}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{DC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
3)\(VT=\overrightarrow{DO}+\overrightarrow{AO}=\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{AO}=\overrightarrow{AB}\)
4)\(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{MD}+\overrightarrow{DC}=\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MD}\left(đpcm\right)=\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OD}=2\overrightarrow{MO}\left(đpcm\right)\)
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\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{CB}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3\overrightarrow{MG}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{CB}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow MG=\dfrac{1}{3}BC\)
Tập hợp M là đường tròn tâm G bán kính \(R=\dfrac{BC}{3}\)
Dựng hình bình hành ABDC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AB}=-\overrightarrow{DC}\) ; \(\overrightarrow{AC}=-\overrightarrow{DB}\)
a/
\(\left|\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{AB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}\right|\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MD}+\overrightarrow{DC}+\overrightarrow{AB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Tập hợp M là trung trực của đoạn thẳng AD
b/ \(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MD}+\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MD}\right|\)
Tập hợp M là trung trực đoạn CD
c/Dựng hình bình hành AEBC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{EB}=-\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{BM}\right|\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{ME}+\overrightarrow{EB}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BC}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{ME}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BC}\right|\)
Tập hợp M là đường tròn tâm E bán kính BC
a)\(\overrightarrow{|AB}+\overrightarrow{OD|}=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BO}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AO}\right|=\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
b)\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{MD}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{CM}+\overrightarrow{MD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{CD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BA}\right|=2a\)
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