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a) Chứng minh \(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{BA}=\overrightarrow{AD}\)
Ta có: \(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{AD}\left(đpcm\right)\) ( vì \(\overrightarrow{BA}=\overrightarrow{CD}\) )
b) Chứng minh \(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=AC\)
Ta có: \(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}=\overrightarrow{AC}\) ( theo quy tắc hình bình hành )
\(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=AC\left(đpcm\right)\)
bài này chả khó áp dụng 1 bước là ra ngay điều cần chứng minh rồi
Gọi N là trung điểm BC
\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+2\overrightarrow{OC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2\overrightarrow{MO}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+2\overrightarrow{OC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2\overrightarrow{MC}+2\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left|\overrightarrow{MN}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BD}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{BD}\right|=4\left|\overrightarrow{MN}\right|=4\left|\overrightarrow{DN}+\overrightarrow{MD}\right|\ge4MD-4DN\)
\(\Rightarrow4MD\le BD+4DN\)
\(\Leftrightarrow MD\le\dfrac{BD+4DN}{4}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}+2a\sqrt{5}}{4}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}{4}a\)
1.
Đặt \(P=\left|\overrightarrow{AD}+3\overrightarrow{AB}\right|\Rightarrow P^2=AD^2+9AB^2+6\overrightarrow{AD}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=AD^2+9AB^2=10AB^2=10a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=a\sqrt{10}\)
2.
Tam giác ABC đều nên AM là trung tuyến đồng thời là đường cao \(\Rightarrow AM\perp BM\)
\(AM=\dfrac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}\) ; \(BM=\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(T=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow T^2=MA^2+4MB^2+4\overrightarrow{MA}.\overrightarrow{MB}=MA^2+4MB^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+4\left(\dfrac{a}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{7a^2}{4}\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{a\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
3.
\(T=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CG}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\right|\)
\(=\left|\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\Rightarrow T^2=\dfrac{16}{9}AB^2+\dfrac{4}{9}AC^2-\dfrac{16}{9}\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\dfrac{20}{9}AB^2-\dfrac{16}{9}AB^2.cos60^0=\dfrac{20}{9}a^2-\dfrac{16}{9}a^2.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{4}{3}a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{3}}\)
a, \(AC=\dfrac{AB}{sin45^o}=\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=a\sqrt{2}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB.AC.cos\widehat{BAC}=a.a\sqrt{2}.cos45^o=a^2\)
b, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=\overrightarrow{AC}\left(\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=AC.BD.cos90^o+AC.AD.cos45^o\)
\(=a\sqrt{2}.a\sqrt{2}.0+a\sqrt{2}.a.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=a^2\)
c, \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BD}=AB.BD.cos135^o=-a.a\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=-a^2\)
d, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)\left(2\overrightarrow{AD}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)=\overrightarrow{BC}.\left(\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BC}.\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{BC}.\overrightarrow{BD}\)
\(=AD^2+BC.BD.cos45^o\)
\(=a^2+a.a\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=2a^2\)
e, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{DA}+\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{DC}\right)\)
\(=\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{DB}\right)\)
\(=4.\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{DB}=4.AC.DB.cos90^o=0\)
a)
Giả sử: \(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MD}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MD}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{MC}-\overrightarrow{MD}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{DC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{0}\) (\(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{DC}=\overrightarrow{0}\) do tứ giác ABCD là hình chữ nhật).
Vậy điều giả sử đúng. Ta có điều phải chứng minh.
b) Theo quy tắc hình bình hành:
\(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=AC\).
Áp dụng quy tắc 3 điểm:
\(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{DA}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{DB}\right|=DB\).
Do tứ giác ABCD là hình chữ nhật nên AC = BD.
Vì vậy: \(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\).
** M là trung điểm của AB đúng không bạn?
a.
\(|\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AB}|=|\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AB}|=\frac{3}{2}|\overrightarrow{AB}|=\frac{3}{2}.3a=\frac{9a}{2}\)
b.
\(|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}|=|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BA}|=|\overrightarrow{0}|=0\)
c.Trên $CD$ lấy $K$ sao cho $CK=a$. Khi đó:
\(|\overrightarrow{DN}+\overrightarrow{BN}|=|\overrightarrow{DN}+\overrightarrow{KD}|=|\overrightarrow{KN}|=KN=\sqrt{a^2+a^2}=\sqrt{2}a\)
\(\widehat{BAD}=60^0\Rightarrow BD=a\) ; \(AC=2OA=2.\frac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}=a\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=a\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{BA}-\overrightarrow{BC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{CA}\right|=a\sqrt{3}\)