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a) Thay \(m=1\) vào hệ phương trình, ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=1\\x+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
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b) HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y=4m-2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7m\\y=2m-1-3x\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\y=-m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2=5\)
\(\Rightarrow m^2+m^2+2m+1=5\) \(\Leftrightarrow m^2+m-2=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=1\\m=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
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c) Hệ phương trình luôn có nghiệm duy nhất
Ta có: \(x-3y>0\)
\(\Rightarrow m-3\left(-m-1\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4m+3>0\) \(\Leftrightarrow m>-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
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a) Thay m=1 vào hệ pt, ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=1\\x+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=1\\3x+6y=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-7y=-14\\x+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=5-2y=5-2\cdot2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Khi m=1 thì hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là (x,y)=(1;2)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=2m-1\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y=4m-2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y+x+2y=4m-2+3m+2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7m\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\m+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\2y=2m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\y=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+y^2+3\\ =m^2+\left(m+1\right)^2+3\\ =m^2+m^2+2m+1+3\\ =2m^2+2m+4\\ =2\left(m^2+m+2\right)\)
\(=2\left(m^2+m+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\right]\)
\(=2\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{2}\ge\dfrac{7}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow m=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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\(HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y=4m+6\\x+2y=3m+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7m+7\\x+2y=3m+1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1\\m+1+2y=3m+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1\\y=m\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+y^2=5\Leftrightarrow m^2+2m+1+m^2=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2m^2+2m-4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow m^2+m-2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=1\\m=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=2m-1\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y=4m-2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7m\\y=3x-2m+1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\y=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(x^2+y^2=2m^2+2m+1=2\left(m^2+m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m^2+2\cdot m\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=2\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow m+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow m=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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