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\(A=\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b+a+c}+\frac{ca}{a+b+b+c}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{b+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
Nên max A là \(\frac{1}{4}\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab=ac+cb+c^2+ab=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
Tương tự : \(a+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right);c+ab=\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng tức cauchy :
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}\right)\)
cộng vế theo vế
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{c+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot3=\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1/3
Có a+b+c=1 => c=(a+b+c).c=ac+bc+c2
\(\Rightarrow c+ab=ac+bc+c^2+ab=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{c+b}+\frac{b}{c+b}}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\\b+ac=\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}}=\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}}{2}\)\(=\frac{\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{c+b}{c+b}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Xét biểu thức \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(abc+ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{4+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)(Do \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)theo giả thiết)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=1\)(***)
Với x,y dương ta có 2 bất đẳng thức phụ sau:
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)(*)
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)(**)
Áp dụng (*) và (**), ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{a+b+4}=\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}\right)\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+2}+\frac{1}{a+2}\right)\)(3)
Cộng từng vế của các bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)(theo (***))
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
GT => (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)=(a+1)+(b+1)+(c+1)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{a+1}=x,\frac{1}{1+b}=y,\frac{1}{c+1}=z\), ta cần tìm min của\(\frac{x}{x^2+1}+\frac{y}{y^2+1}+\frac{z}{z^2+1}\)với xy+yz+zx=1
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)Mà (x+y)(y+z)(z+x) >= 8/9 (x+y+z)(xy+yz+xz) >= \(\frac{8\sqrt{3}}{9}\) nên \(M\)=< \(\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\),dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=\(\sqrt{3}-1\)
Theo giả thiết, ta có: \(abc+ab+bc+ca=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c+1=a+b+c+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)=\left(a+1\right)+\left(b+1\right)+\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(a+1;b+1;c+1\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{x};\frac{\sqrt{3}}{y};\frac{\sqrt{3}}{z}\right)\). Khi đó giả thiết bài toán được viết lại thành xy + yz + zx = 3
Ta có: \(M=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a+1}{a^2+2a+2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a+1}{\left(a+1\right)^2+1}\)\(=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a+1+\frac{1}{a+1}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{x}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{y}{y^2+3}+\frac{z}{z^2+3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{x}{x^2+xy+yz+zx}\right)=\sqrt{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)hay \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}-1\)
ab+bc+ca=3abc <=> ab+bc+ca-3abc=0 <=> ab-abc+bc-abc+ca-abc=0 <=> ab(1-c)+bc(1-a)+ca(1-b)=0
Vì a,b,c dương => \(\hept{\begin{cases}1-c=0< =>c=1\\1-a=0< =>a=1\\1-b=0< =>b=1\end{cases}}\)
Thay a,b,c vừa tìm được vào biểu thức P <=> P=3/2
áp dụng BDT cô si ta có
\(a^2+1>=2a\)
\(b^2+1>=2b\)
\(c^2+1>=2c\)
do đó P<=\(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\)
=\(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3abc}{abc}=1,5\)
dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c=1
\(\frac{9}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+2.\left(\frac{4}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2.\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}+2.\frac{\left(2+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2.\frac{1}{3}}+2.\frac{9}{1}=\frac{39}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dat \(\left(\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c};\frac{c}{a}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{a}+1}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{x+y+1}\)
We need to prove:
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{x+y+1}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x+y}{x+y+1}\ge2\left(M\right)\)
We have:
\(VT_M\ge\frac{\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2}{2\Sigma_{cyc}x+3}\)
Now we need to prove
\(\frac{\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2}{2\Sigma_{cyc}x+3}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}x+3\left(M_1\right)\)
Consider:
\(VT_{M_1}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge x+y+z+xy+yz+zx\)
Now we need to prove:
\(x+y+z+xy+yz+zx\ge x+y+z+3\)
\(xy+yz+zx\ge3\) (Not fail with xyz=1)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c=1\\x=y=z=1\end{cases}}\)
i don't no TT
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