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Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , ta có :
\(\frac{a}{2012}=\frac{b}{2013}=\frac{c}{2014}=\frac{a-b}{2012-2013}=\frac{b-c}{2013-2014}=\frac{c-a}{2014-2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a-b}{-1}=\frac{b-c}{-1}=\frac{c-a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a-b}{-1}\right)\left(\frac{b-c}{-1}\right)=\left(\frac{c-a}{2}\right)^2\)
hay \(\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{2012}=\frac{b}{2013}=\frac{c}{2014}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=2012k\\b=2013k\\c=2014k\end{cases}}\)
A = 4( a - b )( b - c ) - ( c - a )2
= 4( 2012k - 2013k )( 2013k - 2014k ) - ( 2014k - 2012k )2
= 4.( -k ).( -k ) - ( 2k )2
= 4k2 - 4k2 = 0
1) Ta có : \(\frac{2016a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2016b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2016c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2016d}{d}\)
Trừ 4 vế với 2015 ta được : \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
Nếu a + b + c + d = 0
=> a + b = -(c + d)
=> b + c = (-a + d)
=> c + d = -(a + b)
=> d + a = (-b + c)
Khi đó M = (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = - 4
Nếu a + b + c + d\(\ne0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{d}\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
Khi đó M = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4
2) a) Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x+2013\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left(3x-7\right)^{2004}\ge0\forall y\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left|x+2013\right|+\left(3x-7\right)^{2014}\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2013=0\\3y-7=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2013\\y=\frac{7}{3}\end{cases}}}\)
b) 72x + 72x + 3 = 344
=> 72x + 72x.73 = 344
=> 72x.(1 + 73) = 344
=> 72x = 1
=> 72x = 70
=> 2x = 0 => x = 0
c) Ta có :
\(\frac{7}{2x+2}=\frac{3}{2y-4}=\frac{5}{x+4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{7}{2x+2}=\frac{3}{2y-4}=\frac{10}{2x+8}=\frac{7-10}{2x+2-2x-8}=\frac{1}{2}\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
=> 2x + 2 = 14 => x = 6 ;
2y - 4 = 6 => y = 5 ;
6 + 5 + z = 17 => z = 6
Vậy x = 6 ; y = 5 ; z = 6
3) a) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=\frac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}=\frac{a+b+c-a+b-c}{a+b-c-a+b+c}=\frac{2b}{2b}=1\)(dãy ti số bằng nhau)
=> a + b + c = a + b - c => a + b + c - a - b + c = 0 => 2c = 0 => c = 0;
Lại có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}-1=\frac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}-1\Leftrightarrow\frac{2c}{a+b-c}=\frac{2c}{a-b-c}\Rightarrow a+b-c=a-b-c\) => b = 0
Vậy c = 0 hoặc b = 0
c) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{c+a+b}=2\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó P = \(\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\frac{b+c}{b}.\frac{c+a}{c}=\frac{a+b}{a}=\frac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}=8\)
Vậy P = 8
2. b) \(7^{2x}+7^{2x+3}=344\)
\(7^{2x}\cdot\left(1+7^3\right)=344\)
\(7^{2x}\cdot\left(1+343\right)=344\)
\(7^{2x}\cdot344=344\)
\(7^{2x}=1\)
\(7^{2x}=7^0\)
\(2x=0\)
\(x=0\)
\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=2013\)
<=>\(\frac{\left(b-a\right)-\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{\left(c-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(b-c\right)}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=2013\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}=2013\)
<=>\(2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)=2013\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}=\frac{2013}{2}=1006,5\)
