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Phương trình \(b^3-3b^2+5b+11=0\)không có nghiệm dương nhé
\(VT=b\left(b-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{11}{4}b+11>0\forall b>0\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+a=b^2\\b^2+b=c^2\\c^2+c=a^2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+\left(a+b+c\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\left(1\right)\)
Lại có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+a=b^2\\b^2+b=c^2\\c^2+c=a^2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2-b^2=-a\\b^2-c^2=-b\\c^2-a^2=-c\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right).\left(a+b\right)=-a\\\left(b-c\right).\left(b+c\right)=-b\\\left(c-a\right).\left(c+a\right)=-c\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)=-\frac{a}{a+b}\\\left(b-c\right)=-\frac{b}{b+c}\\\left(c-a\right)=-\frac{c}{a+c}\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1) \(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right).\left(c-a\right)=-\left(\frac{a}{a+b}\cdot\frac{b}{b+c}\cdot\frac{c}{a+c}\right)=\frac{-abc}{-c.\left(-a\right).\left(-b\right)}=1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+a+b+c=2+2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+ab+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b+bc+ab}{c+a}+\frac{c+ac+bc}{a+b}=2020\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(\frac{1+b+c}{b+c}\right)+b\left(\frac{1+a+c}{a+c}\right)+c\left(\frac{1+a+b}{a+b}\right)=2020\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(a+b+c=2018\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2018-c\\b+c=2018-a\\c+a=2018-b\end{cases}\left(2\right)}\)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta được:
\(a\left(\frac{2019-a}{b+c}\right)+b\left(\frac{2019-b}{a+c}\right)+c\left(\frac{2019-c}{a+b}\right)=2020\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2019a-a^2}{b+c}+\frac{2019b-b^2}{a+c}+\frac{2019c-c^2}{a+b}=2020\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2019a}{b+c}-\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{2019b}{a+c}-\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{2019c}{a+b}-\frac{c^2}{a+b}=2020\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2019\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\left(\frac{a^2}{c+b}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\right)=2020\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4038-\left(\frac{a^2}{c+b}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\right)=2020\)( vì \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=2\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{c+b}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{c+b}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+1=2019\)
\(A=\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2+c^2=2b^2+2c^2+2bc=2\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)\) (tự hiểu nhé)
Mà \(a^2=2\left(a+c+1\right)\left(a+b-1\right)=2a^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+2\left(b-c\right)-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a\left(b+c\right)+2bc-2=0\) (*)
\(\Leftrightarrow2bc=2-a^2-2a\left(b+c\right)=2-\left(b+c\right)^2+2\left(b+c\right)^2\) (mấy cái này là từ a + b + c =0 suy ra a = -(b+c) suy ra a2 = [-(b+c)]2 = (b+c)2 thôi!)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc=-2\)
hay c2 + b2 = -2?? hay là mình làm sai nhì?
\(a^2=2\left(a+c+1\right)\left(a+b-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0,b=1,c=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2\)
Ở link: Câu hỏi của Thị Kim Vĩnh Bùi - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
đã tìm được giá trị của a, b, c, d
Thay vào tìm M nhé!
\(A=\left(1+b^2+a^2+a^2b^2\right).\left(1+c^2\right)\)
\(=1+a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2b^2+a^2b^2c^2\)
\(=1+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2.\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2-2abc.\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2b^2c^2\)
Thay ab+bc+ac=1 vào A, ta có:
\(A=1+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2+1-2abc.\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2b^2c^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2abc.\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2b^2c^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c-abc\right)^2\)
Vì a,b,c thuộc Z
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c-abc\right)^2\)là số chính phương
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(1+a^2\right)=\left(ab+bc+ca+a^2\right)=b\left(a+c\right)+a\left(a+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\\\left(1+b^2\right)=\left(ab+bc+ca+b^2\right)=a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\\\left(1+c^2\right)=\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\text{[}\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\text{]}^2\Rightarrow\text{đ}pcm\)
Gọi \(n=\left(a,c\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=na_1\\c=nc_1\end{matrix}\right.\)
+ \(ab=cd\Rightarrow na_1b=nc_1d\)
\(\Rightarrow a_1b=c_1d\) (1)
\(\Rightarrow b⋮c_1\Rightarrow b=mc_1\)
Thay \(b=mc_1\) vào (1) ta có :
\(a_1mc_1=c_1d\Rightarrow d=ma_1\)
Do đó : \(a^{2018}+b^{2018}+c^{2018}+d^{2018}\)
\(=\left(na_1\right)^{2018}+\left(mc_1\right)^{2018}+\left(nc_1\right)^{2018}+\left(ma_1\right)^{2018}\)
\(=a_1^{2018}\left(m^{2018}+n^{2018}\right)+c_1^{2018}\left(m^{2018}+n^{2018}\right)\)
\(=\left(a_1^{2018}+c_1^{2018}\right)\left(m^{2018}+n^{2018}\right)\)
=> đpcm