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Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{c}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+a+c+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Suy ra:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow a=\frac{b+c}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\times\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow b=\frac{a+c}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\times\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow c=\frac{a+b}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\times\left(a+b\right)\)
Thay \(a=\frac{1}{2}\times\left(b+c\right)\); \(b=\frac{1}{2}\times\left(a+c\right)\); \(c=\frac{1}{2}\times\left(a+b\right)\) vào P ta được:
\(\frac{b+c}{\frac{1}{2}\times\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c+a}{\frac{1}{2}\times\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{\frac{1}{2}\times\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\text{ }1\text{ }}{\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}\)
\(=2+2+2=6\)
Vậy giá trị của P là 6
a, Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)\(\Rightarrow a=2k\); \(b=3k\); \(c=5k\)
Ta có: \(B=\frac{a+7b-2c}{3a+2b-c}=\frac{2k+7.3k-2.5k}{3.2k+2.3k-5k}=\frac{2k+21k-10k}{6k+6k-5k}=\frac{13k}{7k}=\frac{13}{7}\)
b, Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a-1}=\frac{2}{3b-1}=\frac{3}{4c-1}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-1}{1}=\frac{3b-1}{2}=\frac{4c-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{1}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2.12}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3.12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{18}=\frac{2\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{16}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{18+16-9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-c+\frac{1}{4}}{25}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3a+2b-c\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{25}=\left(4-\frac{23}{12}\right)\div25=\frac{25}{12}\times\frac{1}{25}=\frac{1}{12}\)
Do đó: +) \(\frac{a-\frac{1}{2}}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{6}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a=1\)
+) \(\frac{b-\frac{1}{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{8}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b=1\)
+) \(\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c=1\)
Vì \(a,b,c\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+a+c+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{a+b}{c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}=2+2+2=6\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{a+c}=\frac{c}{a+b}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{b+c}+1=\frac{b}{a+c}+1=\frac{c}{a+b}+1\)
=> \(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\)
Nếu a + b + c = 0
=> a + b = - c
=> b + c = - a
=> a + c = - b
Khi đó P = \(\frac{-a}{a}+\frac{-b}{b}+\frac{-c}{c}=-1+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-3\)
Nếu a + b + c \(\ne0\)
=> \(\frac{1}{b+c}=\frac{1}{a+c}=\frac{1}{a+b}\)
=> b + c = a + c = a + b
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c=a+c\\b+c=a+b\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\a=c\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a=b=c}\)
Khi đó P = \(\frac{2a}{a}+\frac{2b}{b}+\frac{2c}{c}=2+2+2=6\)
=> P = 6
Vậy khi a + b + c = 0 => P = -3
khi a + b + c \(\ne0\) => P = 6
Ta có
a/b+c=b/c+a=c/b+a => a/ b+c +1=b/c+a +1=c/b+a +1
=> a+b+c/b+c=a+b+c/c+a=a+b+c/b+a
=> b+c=c+a=b+a
=> a=b=c
=> B= 2a/a+2b/b+2c/c =2+2+2=6 ( tick nhe
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}\Rightarrow ab.\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+b\right).bc\Rightarrow abb+abc=abc+bbc\Rightarrow a=c\\\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\Rightarrow\left(c+a\right).bc=\left(b+c\right).ca\Rightarrow bcc+abc=abc+cca\Rightarrow a=b\end{cases}\Rightarrow a=b=c}\)
\(M=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
p/s: bài này có nhiều cách lắm, cách này ko đc thì thử làm cách khác =))
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}\Rightarrow ab\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab^2+abc=abc+b^2c\Rightarrow ab^2=b^2c\Rightarrow a=c\) (1)
\(\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\Rightarrow bc\left(c+a\right)=\left(b+c\right)ca\)
\(\Rightarrow bc^2+bca=bca+c^2a\Rightarrow bc^2=c^2a\Rightarrow b=a\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) được a = b = c
Khi đó:
\(M=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{a^2+a^2+a^2}{a^2+a^2+a^2}=1\)
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{a}{a+b}\cdot b=\frac{c}{b+c}\cdot b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b}=\frac{c}{b+c}\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)=c\left(a+b\right)\Rightarrow ab+ac=ac+bc\Rightarrow ab=bc\Rightarrow a=c\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{ac}{a+c}=\frac{b}{a+b}\cdot a=\frac{c}{a+c}\cdot a\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+b}=\frac{c}{a+c}\Rightarrow b\left(a+c\right)=c\left(a+b\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc=ac+bc\Rightarrow ab=ac\Rightarrow b=c\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ac}{a+c}=\frac{b}{b+c}\cdot c=\frac{a}{a+c}\cdot c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{b+c}=\frac{a}{a+c}\Rightarrow b\left(a+c\right)=a\left(b+c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc=ab+ac\Rightarrow bc=ac\Rightarrow a=b\left(3\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
Ta có:\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\)
\(\iff\)\(\frac{abc}{ac+bc}=\frac{abc}{ab+ac}=\frac{abc}{bc+ba}\)
\(\iff\) \(ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ba\)
+)\(ac+bc=ab+ac\)
\(\implies\)\(bc=ab\)
\(\implies\) \(c=a\left(1\right)\)
+)\(ab+ac=bc+ba\)
\(\implies\) \(ac=bc\)
\(\implies\) \(a=b\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\)
\(\implies\) \(a=b=c\)
\(\implies\) \(M=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{aa+bb+cc}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
Vậy \(M=1\)
\(\frac{a+b-c}{a}=\frac{a-b+c}{b}=\frac{-a+b+c}{c}=\frac{\left(a+b-c\right)+\left(a-b+c\right)+\left(-a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{a+b-c+a-b+c-a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a-a+a\right)-\left(c-c+c\right)+\left(b-b+b\right)}{a+b+c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(M=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\frac{3.2a}{a^3}=\frac{6a}{a^3}=\frac{6}{a^2}\)
