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Do \(0\le a,b,c\le1\)
nên\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\\\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\ge0\\\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b-b-a^2+1\ge0\\b^2c-c-b^2+1\ge0\\c^2a-a-c^2+1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b\ge a^2+b-1\\b^2c\ge b^2+c-1\\c^2a\ge c^2+a-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta cũng có:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\le a^2+b+b^2+c+c^2+a\)
Do đó \(T=2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\le a^2+b+b^2+c+c^2+a\)\(-\left(a^2+b-1+b^2+c-1+c^2+a-1\right)\)
\(=3\)
Vậy GTLN của T=3, đạt được chẳng hạn khi \(a=1;b=0;c=1\)
Lời giải:
Tìm min:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$a^3+a^3+1\geq 3a^2$
$b^3+b^3+1\geq 3b^2$
$c^3+c^3+1\geq 3c^2$
$\Rightarrow 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)+3\geq 3(a^2+b^2+c^2)$
$\Leftrightarrow 2P+3\geq 9$
$\Leftrightarrow P\geq 3$
Vậy $P_{\min}=3$ khi $(a,b,c)=(1,1,1)$
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Tìm max:
$a^2+b^2+c^2=3\Rightarrow a^2,b^2,c^2\leq 3$
$\Rightarrow a,b,c\leq \sqrt{3}$
Do đó: $a^3-\sqrt{3}a^2=a^2(a-\sqrt{3})\leq 0$
$\Rightarrow a^3\leq \sqrt{3}a^2$
Tương tự với $b,c$ và cộng theo vế:
$P\leq \sqrt{3}(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3\sqrt{3}$
Vậy $P_{\max}=3\sqrt{3}$ khi $(a,b,c)=(\sqrt{3},0,0)$ và hoán vị.
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{y}{x};\dfrac{z}{y};\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{y}{x}\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{z}{y}\left(\dfrac{x}{z}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{x}{z}\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+1\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a+b+c=1; a>0; b>0; c>0
=>a>=b>=c>=0
=>a(a-c)>=b(b-c)>=0
=>a(a-b)(a-c)>=b(a-b)(b-c)
=>a(a-b)(a-c)+b(b-a)(b-c)>=0
mà (a-c)(b-c)*c>=0 và c(c-a)(c-b)>=0
nên a(a-b)(a-c)+b(b-a)(b-c)+(a-c)(b-c)*c>=0
=>a^3+b^3+c^3+3acb>=a^2b+a^2c+b^2c+b^2a+c^2b+c^2a
=>a^3+b^3+c^3+6abc>=(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)
=>a^3+b^3+c^3+6abc>=(ab+bc+ac)
mà a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc)
nên 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)+3acb>=a^2+b^2+c^2>=ab+bc+ac(ĐPCM)
áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=>3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge1^2\)
\(=>a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(đpcm\right)\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>\(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Sửa đề: 1+a^2;1+b^2;1+c^2
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+c+ac}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{a}{a+c}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
=>\(A< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}=a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2+ab}\ge a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}}=a-\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{2a-b}{3}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}\ge\dfrac{2b-c}{3}\) ; \(\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\ge\dfrac{2c-a}{3}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}=673\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=673\)
đặt:
\(S=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{a^3}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b^3}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c^3}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d^3}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a^2+ab+ac+ad}+\frac{b^4}{ab+b^2+bc+bd}+\frac{c^4}{ac+bc+c^2+cd}+\frac{d^4}{ad+bd+cd+d^2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức schwarts ta có:
\(S\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhicốpski ta có:
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)\left(1+1+1+1\right)\ge\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\Rightarrow4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)^2}{4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}{4}\ge\frac{4\sqrt[4]{a^2b^2c^2d^2}}{4}=\frac{4.1}{4}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\ge a+b+c+d\)
dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=d=1