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a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{4c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
c, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
d, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
Đặt: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=t\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bt\\c=dt\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bt+5b}{3bt-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2t+5\right)}{b\left(3t-4\right)}=\dfrac{2t+5}{3t-4}\\\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dt+5d}{3dt-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2t+5\right)}{d\left(3t-4\right)}=\dfrac{2t+5}{3t-4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrowđpcm\)
a) Có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{4a}{3b}=\frac{4c}{3d}\)
Áp dụng tỉ lệ thức ta có :
\(\frac{4a}{3b}=\frac{4c}{3d}\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{4a}{4c}=\frac{3b}{3d}\Rightarrow\frac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\frac{4c-3d}{4c-3d}\)
b) Có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{3b}=\frac{2c}{3d}\)
Áp dụng tỉ lệ thức ta có "
\(\frac{2a}{3b}=\frac{2c}{3d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{2c}=\frac{3b}{3d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a-3b}{2c-3d}=\frac{2a3b}{2c+3d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a-3b}{2a+3b}=\frac{2c-3d}{2c+3d}\)
Các câu còn lại bạn làm tương tự
Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lại có :
\(VT=\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
Theo đề ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}-\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}-\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)(1)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)(2)
=> \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) và \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)(3)
Từ (2) và (3) => \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\) = \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)= > \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}\) = \(\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)= \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}-\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)(4)
Từ (1) và (4)
=> \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)( đpcm)
