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Theo giả thiết thì \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(\Sigma\sqrt{a+bc}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{a^2+abc}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{a^2+ab+bc+ca}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{}\Sigma\sqrt{bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge abc+\sqrt{abc}\left(\Sigma\sqrt{a}\right)\)(Nhân cả hai vế của bất đẳng thức với \(\sqrt{abc}>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\left(b^2+ab\right)\left(c^2+ac\right)}\ge abc+\Sigma a\sqrt{bc}\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng vì theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz, ta có: \(\Sigma\sqrt{\left(b^2+ab\right)\left(c^2+ac\right)}\ge\Sigma\left(bc+a\sqrt{bc}\right)=abc+\Sigma a\sqrt{bc}\text{}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 3
Từ giả thiết: \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=7\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{c}=7-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\)
Xét hạng tử: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{c}-6}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}+7-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-6}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)}\)
Từ đó: \(N=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}-3}{\sqrt{abc}-\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)-1}\)
\(=\frac{7-3}{3-\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)+7-1}=\frac{4}{9-\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)}\)
Mặt khác: \(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2-\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=13\)
Suy ra: \(N=\frac{4}{9-13}=-1\). Kết luận: N = -1.
Từ giả thiết: \sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=7\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{c}=7-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}a+b+c=7⇔c=7−a−b
Xét hạng tử: \frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{c}-6}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}+7-\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-6}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)}ab+c−61=ab+7−a−b−61=(a−1)(b−1)1
Từ đó: N=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}N=(a−1)(b−1)1+(b−1)(c−1)1+(c−1)(a−1)1
=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{b}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{c}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}-3}{\sqrt{abc}-\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)-1}=(a−1)(b−1)(c−1)a+b+c−3=abc−(ab+bc+ca)+(a+b+c)−1a+b+c−3
=\frac{7-3}{3-\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)+7-1}=\frac{4}{9-\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)}=3−(ab+bc+ca)+7−17−3=9−(ab+bc+ca)4
Mặt khác: \sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2-\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=13ab+bc+ca=2(a+b+c)2−(a+b+c)=13
Suy ra: N=\frac{4}{9-13}=-1N=9−134=−1. Kết luận: N = -1.
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\) thì x, y, z > 0; x + y + z = 1. Quy về: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{zx}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{xy}}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\ge1+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z+xy}+\sqrt{xy}}\ge1\) (chuyển vế qua nhóm lại rồi liên hợp)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\)
BĐT này đúng! Thật vậy:
\(VT\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)+\left(z+z\right)}{2}+\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\)
Ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\) (Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM)
Tương tự với hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế ta thu được đpcm.
Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)\) \(\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)
Theo đề \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=\frac{3}{xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=3\)
Và \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a+b+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b+c+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c+a+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{yz}}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{zx}}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y+xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y+z+yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+x+zx}}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{x+y+xy}+\sqrt{y+z+yz}+\sqrt{z+x+zx}}\) (Cauchy Schwarz)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x+y+xy}+\sqrt{y+z+yz}+\sqrt{z+x+zx}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+y+xy}+\sqrt{y+z+yz}+\sqrt{z+x+zx}\right)^2}\)
\(\le\sqrt{3\left(x+y+xy+y+z+yz+z+x+zx\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left[2\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}\)
\(\le\sqrt{6+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}=\sqrt{6+\frac{3^2}{3}}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a+b+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b+c+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c+a+1}}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{x+y+xy}+\sqrt{y+z+yz}+\sqrt{z+x+zx}}\ge\frac{9}{3}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=z=1\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:\(H=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}+b}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a-b+b-c+c-a}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)}\)\(=0\)
Vậy \(H=0\)