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Lời giải:
Ta thấy:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{c^2}{2ab^2c^2+c^2}+\frac{a^2}{2bc^2a^2+a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2ca^2b^2+b^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\text{VT}(2ab^2c^2+c^2+2bc^2a^2+a^2+2ca^2b^2+b^2)\geq (c+a+b)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2abc(ab+bc+ac)+a^2+b^2+c^2}(*)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Am-GM:
\(3=a+b+c\geq 3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow abc\leq 1\)
\(\Rightarrow 2abc(ab+bc+ac)\leq 2(ab+bc+ac)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2abc(ab+bc+ac)+a^2+b^2+c^2}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{2(ab+bc+ac)+a^2+b^2+c^2}=1(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 1\)
Ta có đpcm. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Cách khác bằng AM-GM:
\(\text{VT}=3-\left(\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}\right)(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}=\frac{2ab^2}{ab^2+ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{bc^2+bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{ca^2+ca^2+1}\)
\(\leq \frac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}+\frac{2bc^2}{3\sqrt[3]{b^2c^4}}+\frac{2ca^2}{3\sqrt[3]{c^2a^4}}=\frac{2}{3}(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}+\sqrt[3]{bc^2}+\sqrt[3]{ca^2})\)
\(\leq \frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{a+b+b}{3}+\frac{b+c+c}{3}+\frac{c+a+a}{3}\right)=\frac{2}{3}(a+b+c)=2(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 3-2=1\) (đpcm)
Cách : AM - GM :
\(VT=3-\left(\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM :
\(\frac{2ab^2}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{2ca^2+1}=\frac{2ab^2}{ab^2+ab^2+1}+\frac{2bc^2}{bc^2+bc^2+1}+\frac{2ca^2}{ca^2+ca^2+1}\)
\(\le\frac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}+\frac{2bc^2}{3\sqrt[3]{b^2c^4}}+\frac{2ca^2}{3\sqrt[3]{c^aa^4}}=\frac{2}{3}\left(\sqrt[3]{ab^2}+\sqrt[3]{bc^2}+\sqrt[3]{ca^2}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{a+b+b}{3}+\frac{b+c+c}{3}+\frac{c+a+a}{3}\right)=\frac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow VT\ge3-2=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2ab^2+1}\ge1-\frac{2}{9}\left(a+2b\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{2bc^2+1}\ge1-\frac{2}{9}\left(b+2c\right)\); \(\frac{1}{2ca^2+1}\ge1-\frac{2}{9}\left(c+2a\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của các bất đẳng thức trên, ta được:
\(\text{∑}_{cyc}\frac{1}{2ab^2+1}\ge3-\frac{2}{9}.3\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = \(\frac{1}{3}\)
cho 3 so duong a,b,c tm \(a+b+c=3\)
cmr \(\frac{1}{1+2ab^2}+\frac{1}{1+2bc^2}+\frac{1}{1+2ca^2}\ge1\)
Ta có:
\(3=a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+2ab^2}+\frac{1}{1+2bc^2}+\frac{1}{1+2ca^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{1+\frac{2b}{c}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2c}{a}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2a}{b}}\)
\(=\frac{c}{c+2b}+\frac{a}{a+2c}+\frac{b}{b+2a}\)
\(=\frac{c^2}{c^2+2bc}+\frac{a^2}{a^2+2ca}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ab}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=1\)
Áp dụng bđt svac-xơ có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+2bc+b^2+2ac+c^2+2ab}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
<=> \(A\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Với a,b,c>0 và a+b+c \(\le1\) => 0<(a+b+c)2\(\le1\)=> \(\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{1}=9\)
=>A\(\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
ta có A\(\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=9\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
1. BĐT ban đầu
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{b}{a+3b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{c}{b+3c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{a}{c+3a}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
<=>\(\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+3ac}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki dang phân thức
=> BĐT cần CM
<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)luôn đúng
=> BĐT được CM
2) \(a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b+c-3\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\)
ko mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Có: \(3\le a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le3a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3a^2\ge3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a\ge1\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+a+b}+\frac{1}{1+b+c}+\frac{1}{1+c+a}\le\frac{3}{1+2a}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-SChwarz ta có:
\(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2+2a^2bc}+\frac{b^4}{b^2+2ab^2c}+\frac{c^4}{c^2+2abc^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\cdot\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\cdot\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3}}\)
\(\ge\frac{1^2}{1+2\cdot\frac{1^2}{3}}=\frac{3}{5}=VP\)
Dấu "=" bạn tự nghiên cứu nhé :D
DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) CÁI NÀY LÀ ĐIỂM RƠI NHÉ.
Ta sẽ chứng minh :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) với x, y > 0
Thật vậy : \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)( bđt Cô - si )
Và \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\) ( bđt Cô - si )
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) ( Dấu " = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) )
Ta có :
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(2a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\frac{1}{2a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
( Dấu " = " xay ra khi a=b)
Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\frac{1}{2b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\) ( Dấu " = " xảy ra khi b=c)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\le\frac{1}{2c+a}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\) ( Dấu " = " xay ra khi c = a )
\(VT=\sum_{cyc}\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu " = " xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{4a^2+2ab+b^2+a^2+b^2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{4a^2+2ab+b^2+2ab}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{1}{b^2+2bc}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\ge\frac{9}{a^2+2ab+b^2+2bc+c^2+2ab}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta áp dụng Bđt Cauchy ngược dấu
\(T=\frac{1}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{1}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{1}{2ca^2+1}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2b}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{b^2c}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{c^2a}{2ca^2+1}\le1\)
\(\frac{ab^2}{2ab^2+1}\le\frac{ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^2\cdot ab^2\cdot1}}\)\(\le\frac{\sqrt[3]{ab^2}}{3}\le\frac{a+2b}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b^2c}{2bc^2+1}\le\frac{b+2c}{9}\left(2\right);\frac{c^2a}{2ca^2+1}\le\frac{c+2a}{9}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế của (1),(2) và (3) ta có:
\(T\le\frac{a+b+c+2c+2a+2b}{9}\)\(=\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}=\frac{a+b+c}{3}=1\)
Dấu = khi a=b=c=1
bài náy áp dụng bđt Cosi cũng được