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- Theo bài ra \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KMnO_4}=0,1\\n_{KClO_3}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )
\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
.......0,1..........................................................0,25...........
\(KClO_3+6HCl\rightarrow KCl+3Cl_2+3H_2O\)
....0,15................................0,45....................
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(6KOH+3Cl_2\rightarrow KClO_3+5KCl+3H_2O\)
Ta có : \(m=m_{KOH}+m_{Cl_2}=139,3\left(g\right)\)
Vậy ...
- PT: a, \(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (1)
\(MnO_2+4HCl_đ\underrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\) (2)
- Ta có: \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (1): \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{5}{16}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_1=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)
(2): \(n_{Cl_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(a,2KMnO_4+16HCl_{đặc}\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Ta.có:n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{39}{162,5}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,24=0,36\left(mol\right)\\ n_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{2}{5}.0,36=0,144\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{16}{5}.0.36=1,152\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{KMnO_4}=0,144.158=22,752\left(g\right)\\ b=C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{1,152}{0,1}=11,52\left(M\right)\\ x=m_{Fe}=0,24.56=13,44\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,36.22,4=8,064\left(l\right) \)
\(b,n_{KCl}=n_{MnCl_2}=\dfrac{2}{5}.0,36=0,144\left(mol\right)\\ KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+KNO_3\\ MnCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow2AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+Mn\left(NO_3\right)_2\\ n_{AgNO_3}=n_{AgCl}=n_{KCl}+2.n_{MnCl_2}=0,144+2.0,144=0,432\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)}=143,5.0,432=61,992\left(g\right)\\ m_{AgNO_3}=0,432.170=73,44\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddAgNO_3}=\dfrac{73,44.100}{5}=1468,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{7,175}{143,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: HCl + AgNO3 ---> AgCl↓ + HNO3
0,05<---------------0,05
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,05.36,5=1,825\left(g\right)\\
\rightarrow C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{1,825}{50}.100\%=3,65\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt H = x%
PTHH: Cl2 + H2 --as--> 2HCl
LTL: 6,72 < 10 => H2 dư
=> nHCl = 0,3x (mol)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3x.36,5}{0,3x.36,5+385,4}.100\%=3,65\%\\ \Leftrightarrow20,23\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: KClO3 + 6HCl --> KCl + 3Cl2 + 3H2O
0,15<-------------------0,45
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,15.122,5}{24,5}.100\%=75\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{2}{5}n_{Cl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=31,6\left(g\right)\)