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Câu 2:
V(C2H5OH)= 2 x 30/100= 0,6(l)
=> V(H2O)=V(H2O,C2H5OH) - V(C2H5OH)=2-0,6=1,4(l)
=> Cách pha: Rót thêm 1,4 lít nước vào 0,6 lít C2H5OH ta sẽ được 2 lít rượu etylic 30o
Câu 1 :
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot12\%}{60}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(2CH_3COOH+CaCO_3\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(0.4........................0.2................0.2..................0.2\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0.2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca}=0.2\cdot158=31.6\left(g\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{C_2H_5OH}=a\left(mol\right);n_{CH_3COOH}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ a,PTHH:C_2H_5OH+Na\rightarrow C_2H_5ONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ CH_3COOH+Na\rightarrow CH_3COONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ b,Ta.lập.hpt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}46a+60b=10,6\\0,5a+0,5b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{0,1.46}{10,6}.100\approx43,396\%\\\Rightarrow\%m_{CH_3COOH}\approx100\%-43,396\%\approx56,604\%\)
nC2H5OH = 46/46 = 1 (mol)
PTHH: 2C2H5OH + 2Na -> 2C2H5ONa + H2
nC2H5ONa (LT) = 1 (mol)
nC2H5ONa (TT) = 1 . 75% = 0,75 (mol)
mC2H5ONa = 0,75 . 68 = 51 (g)
1) \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + H2O --axit--> C2H5OH
0,4-------------------->0,4
=> mC2H5OH = 0,4.46.70% = 12,88 (g)
\(V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{12,88}{0,8}=16,1\left(ml\right)\\ \rightarrowĐ_r=\dfrac{16,1}{50}.100=32,2^o\)
2) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{36,8}{46}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{36}{60}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=\dfrac{44}{88}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: CH3COOH + C2H5OH --H2SO4(đặc), to--> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
0,5<-------------------------------------------------0,5
LTL: 0,6 < 0,8 => Hiệu suất phản ứng tính theo CH3COOH
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,5}{0,6}.100\%=83,33\%\)
a) Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,1-->0,1--------------->0,1
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
c) VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
\(2Na+2C_2H_5OH\rightarrow2C_2H_5ONa+H_2\\ n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{4,6}{46}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na}=n_{C_2H_5OH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ a=m_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)