Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Đặt \(P=a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 2 :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 3ab + 3bc + 3ca
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = ab + bc + ca
<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
<=> ( a - b )^2 + ( b - c )^2 + ( c - a )^2 = 0
<=> a = b = c
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+18=2ab+6a+6b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-6a+9\right)+\left(b^2-6b+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-3\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-3=0\\b-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=3\)
2.
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) ; \(\forall a;b;c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=1\) khi \(a=b=c\)
Lại có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge0\) ; \(\forall a;b;c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge-\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(a+b+c=0\)
\(9=3a^2+2b^2+2bc+2c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2a^2+b^2+c^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2a-b-c\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\le a+b+c\le3\)
\(T_{max}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(T_{min}=-3\) khi \(a=b=c=-1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi, ta có:
\(\left(a^2+b+c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)Do đó, để chứng minh bất đẳng thức đã cho, ta chỉ cần chứng minh rằng:
\(\frac{a\sqrt{1+b+c}+b\sqrt{1+c+a}+c\sqrt{1+a+b}}{a+b+c}\le\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Côsi lần thứ hai ta nhận được:
\(VT=\frac{\sqrt{a}\sqrt{a\left(1+b+c\right)}+\sqrt{b}\sqrt{b\left(1+c+a\right)}+\sqrt{c}\sqrt{c\left(1+a+b\right)}}{a+b+c}\)
\(\le\frac{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left[a\left(1+b+c\right)+b\left(1+c+a\right)+c\left(1+a+b\right)\right]}}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+\frac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{a+b+c}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{1+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{1+\frac{2\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}{3}}=\sqrt{3}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c = 1.
Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\\ \Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2,\left(b-c\right)^2,\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(c-a\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Lại có: \(a+b+c=3\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1^{2016}+1^{2015}+1^{2020}=1+1+1=3\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2=18\) ( do ab+bc+ca = 9 )
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=18+2.9=36\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+b+c=6\) ( do a,b,c là các số thực dương)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)( cùng bớt \(a^2+b^2+c^2\)ở cả 2 vế )
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-2.9=0\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=18\)
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(=18+2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=18+2.9\)
\(=18+18\)
\(=36\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\sqrt{36}=6\)
Vậy \(a+b+c=6\)
Tham khảo nhé~