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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge a\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{4}\ge b\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Làm tắt vài chỗ thông cảm
Câu b,
Ta có BĐT Cauchy \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a+b}{4}\)
Tương tự \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\le\dfrac{b+c}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\le\dfrac{a+c}{4}\)
Cộng theo vế ta đc \(VT\le\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ac+2ab+2bc=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(ab+bc=-ac\)
\(\left(ab+bc\right)^3=-a^3c^3\)
\(a^3c^3+a^3b^3+b^3c^3+3ab^2c\left(ab+bc\right)=0\)
\(a^3c^3+a^3b^3+b^3c^3=-3ab^2c\left(-ac\right)\)
\(a^3c^3+a^3b^3+b^3c^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2}=\dfrac{b^3c^3+a^3b^3+a^3c^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
a + b + c =0
⇒ -( a + b) = c
⇒ c2 = (a+b)2
ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{a^{2^{ }}+b^{2^{ }}_{_{ }}-c^2}\)= \(\dfrac{ab}{a^{2^{ }}+b^{2^{ }}-\left(a+b\right)^2}\)=\(\dfrac{ab}{-2ab}\)=\(\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
tương tự với các số hạng còn lại kết quả là -3/2
Theo đề bài ta có :
a + b + c = 0
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-c=a+b\\-b=a+c\\-a=b+c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c^2=a^2+2ab+b^2\\b^2=a^2+2ac+c^2\\a^2=b^2+2bc+c^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2-c^2=a^2+b^2-a^2-b^2-2ab\\b^2+c^2-a^2=b^2+c^2-b^2-c^2-2bc\\c^2+a^2-b^2=c^2+a^2-a^2-c^2-2ac\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2-c^2=-2ab\\b^2+c^2-a^2=-2bc\\c^2+a^2-b^2=-2ac\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{a^2+b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{bc}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{ac}{c^2+a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab}{-2ab}+\dfrac{bc}{-2bc}+\dfrac{ac}{-2ac}=-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\) hả Lặng Thầm
a)\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{ab}\)
\(A=\dfrac{a^3}{abc}+\dfrac{b^3}{abc}+\dfrac{c^3}{abc}\)
\(A=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3abc}{abc}=3\)(vì a+b+c=0)
b)Ta có: a+b+c=0
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-b-c\\b=-c-a\\c=-a-b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\\b^2=\left(c+a\right)^2\\c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(a+c\right)^2-c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2-a^2-b^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)(vì a+b+c=0)
cm:nếu a+b+c=0 thì a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc
a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc
=>a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0
=>(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3-3abc=0
=>[(a+b)^3+c^3]-3ab(a+b+c)=0
=>(a+b+c)[(a+b)^2-(a+b)c+c^2] -3ab(a+b+c)=0
=>(a+b+c)[(a+b)^2-(a+b)c+c^2-3ab]=0
vì a+b+c=0 nên a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc
thay kết quả vừa chúng minh vào đề bài ta đc
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{abc}=3\)
chúc bạn học tốt ^ ^
\(\dfrac{a^3-b^3}{ab^2}+\dfrac{b^3-c^3}{bc^2}+\dfrac{c^3-a^3}{ca^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}-\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}-\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{a}{c}\ge0\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{2a}{c}\\\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{2b}{a}\\\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge\dfrac{2c}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng 3 cái vế theo vế rồi rút gọn cho 2 ta được ĐPCM
Bài 1:
Từ \(a+b+c=0\) ta có:
\(B=\frac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2-c^2-a^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2-b^2-a^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{(-b-c)^2-b^2-c^2}+\frac{b^2}{(-c-a)^2-c^2-a^2}+\frac{c^2}{(-b-a)^2-b^2-a^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{2bc}+\frac{b^2}{2ac}+\frac{c^2}{2ab}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)
Lại có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3\)
\(=-c^3+3abc+c^3=3abc\)
Do đó \(B=\frac{3abc}{2abc}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Lấy P-Q ta có:
\(P-Q=\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)
\(P-Q=\frac{a^3-b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3-c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3-a^3}{c^2+ac+a^2}\)
\(P-Q=\frac{(a-b)(a^2+ab+b^2)}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{(b-c)(b^2+bc+c^2)}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{(c-a)(c^2+ac+a^2)}{c^2+ac+a^2}\)
\(P-Q=(a-b)+(b-c)+(c-a)=0\Rightarrow P=Q\)
Ta có đpcm.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{2b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{2c^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{2a}{c}+\dfrac{2c}{b}+\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}-\dfrac{2a}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2c}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{2b}{a}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{b}{c}=0\\\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\\\dfrac{b}{c}-\dfrac{c}{a}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
