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`a)x^4+2x^2y+y^2`
`=(x^2+y)^2`
`b)(2a+b)^2-(2b+a)^2`
`=(2a+b-2b-a)(2a+b+2b+a)`
`=(a-b)(3a+3b)`
`=3(a-b)(a+b)`
`c)8a^3-27b^3-2a(4a^2-9b^2)`
`=(2a-3b)(4a^2+6ab+9b^2)-2a(2a-3b)(2a+3b)`
`=(2a-3b)(4a^2+6ab+9b^2-3a^2-6ab)`
`=9b^2(2a-3b)`
a) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^2y+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot y+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y\right)^2\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(2a+b\right)^2-\left(2b+a\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2a+b-2b-a\right)\left(2a+b+2b+a\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(3a+3b\right)\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
Cho a-3b=1, 2ab=-4. Tính:
A=2a+(7ab)/2-6b+2
B=(2a+6b)2-2
C= 3a2+27b2-ab-1
D= a3-27b3+a2+9b2+2
E=a4+81b4-1
1.
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b+2c\right)^2+\left(c+2a\right)^2}{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(b-2c\right)^2+\left(c-2a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+4b^2+4ab+b^2+4c^2+4bc+c^2+4a^2+4ca}{a^2+4b^2-4ab+b^2+4c^2-4bc+c^2+4a^2-4ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{-14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
b.
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+2bc+3ca}{3a^2+4b^2+5c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2a^2+3a^2}{3a^2+4a^2+5a^2}=\dfrac{6}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\left(x+5\right)^2=x^2+10x+25\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{5}{2}-t\right)^2=\dfrac{25}{4}-5t+t^2\)
c) \(\left(2u+3v\right)^2=4u^2+12uv+9v^2\)
d) \(\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{2}{3}bc\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{64}a^2-\dfrac{1}{6}abc+\dfrac{4}{9}b^2c^2\)
e) \(\left(\dfrac{x}{y}-\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2=\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}-\dfrac{2x}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\)
f) \(\left(\dfrac{mn}{4}-\dfrac{x}{6}\right)\left(\dfrac{mn}{4}+\dfrac{x}{6}\right)=\dfrac{m^2n^2}{16}-\dfrac{x^2}{36}\)
Bài 1:
$M=(2a+b)^2-(b-2a)^2=[(2a+b)-(b-2a)][(2a+b)+(b-2a)]$
$=4a.2b=8ab$
$N=(3a+1)^2+2a(1-2b)+(2b-1)^2$
$=(9a^2+6a+1)+2a-4ab+(4b^2-4b+1)$
$=9a^2+8a+4b^2-4b-4ab+2$
$A=(m-n)^2+4mn=m^2-2mn+n^2+4mn$
$=m^2+2mn+n^2=(m+n)^2$
Từ \(a^2-6b^2=-ab\Rightarrow a^2-6b^2+ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+3ab-2ab-6b^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(a+3b\right)-2b\left(a+3b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+3b\right)\left(a-2b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+3b=0\\a-2b=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=-3b\\a=2b\end{cases}}\)
- Xét \(a=-3b\) thay vào M ta có:
\(M=\frac{2\cdot3\left(-b\right)\cdot b}{2\left(-3b\right)^2-3b^2}=\frac{-6b^2}{15b^2}=-\frac{2}{5}\)
- Xét \(a=2b\) thay vào M ta có:
\(M=\frac{2\cdot2b\cdot b}{2\cdot\left(2b\right)^2-3b^2}=\frac{4b^2}{8b^2-3b^2}=\frac{4b^2}{5b^2}=\frac{4}{5}\)
Từ \(a^2-6b^2=-ab\Rightarrow a^2-6b^2+ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+3ab-2ab-6b^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(a+3b\right)-2b\left(a+3b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+3b\right)\left(a-2b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}a+3b=0\\a-2b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}a=-3b\\a=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)
*)Xét \(a=-3b\) thay vào M ta có:
\(M=\frac{2\cdot3\left(-b\right)\cdot b}{2\left(-3b\right)^2-3b^2}=\frac{-6b^2}{15b^2}=-\frac{2}{5}\)
*)Xét \(a=2b\) thay vào M ta có:
\(M=\frac{2\cdot2b\cdot b}{2\cdot\left(2b\right)^2-3b^2}=\frac{4b^2}{8b^2-3b^2}=\frac{4b^2}{5b^2}=\frac{4}{5}\)
