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theo BĐT cô - si ta có :
\(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\) \(\left(a\ge0,b\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2a+2b\ge\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2\left(a+b\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\cdot\left(a+b\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{2}}\ge\sqrt{\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{2}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2}\) \(\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vì a>0; b>0 nên theo bđt Cauchy ta có :
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}.\sqrt{b}}=2\sqrt{a}\)
\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}.\sqrt{a}}=2\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\ge2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)(đpcm)
bđt cần c/m tương đương với:
\(\left(\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a+c}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{c}}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\\ \ \)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\)
Mặt khác:
\(a+b+c\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
=> \(VT\ge3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
Ta cần c/m:
\(3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=3\)(BĐt Cô-si)
xong rồi bạn nhé
Áp dụng Cauchy ta có :
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}.\sqrt{b}}=2\sqrt{a}\)(1)
\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}.\sqrt{a}}=2\sqrt{b}\)(2)
Cộng vế của (1) và (2) ta được :
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\ge2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{a}\ge\sqrt{b}-\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}\) (đpcm)
Bài 1: \(a+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}=\left(a-b\right)+b+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta thu được đpcm (mình làm ở đâu đó rồi mà:)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a =2; b =1 (tự giải ra)
Bài 2: Thêm đk a,b,c >0.
Theo BĐT Cauchy \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{c^2}}=\frac{2a}{c}\). Tương tự với hai cặp còn lại và cộng theo vế ròi 6chia cho 2 hai có đpcm.
Bài 3: Nó sao sao ấy ta?
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm, ta có:
\(VT=\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(+\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(+3\sqrt[6]{abc}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\))
\(\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{c+a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ca}}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{c}}=2\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}}+2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}}+2\sqrt{\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}}\)
\(=2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{a}\sqrt{b}\sqrt{c}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
a/ \(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{c}}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(VT=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}}=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\)
\(VT\le\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}=\sum\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm ta có :
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(+3\sqrt[6]{abc}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}.\sqrt{b}}=2\sqrt{a}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}.\sqrt{a}}=2\sqrt{b}\)
Cộng theo vế BĐT ta được:\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)