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PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{6,2+193,8}\cdot100\%=4\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot16\%}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 còn dư, tính theo NaOH
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
a) Na2O +H2O-->2NaOH (1)
2NaOH +CuSO4 -->Na2SO4+ Cu(OH)2 (2)
Cu(OH)2 -to-> CuO +H2O (3)
b) mNa2O=8.100/100=8(g)
=>nNa2O=8/62=0,13(mol)
theo(2) :nCu(OH)2=1/2nNaOH=0,065(mol)
theo(3):nCuO=nCu(OH)2=0,065(mol)
=>mCuO=0,065.80=5,2(g)
c) CuO +2HCl-->CuCl2+H2O (4)
theo (4) : nHCl=2nCuO=0,13(mol)
mddHCl 25%=0,13.36,5.100250,13.36,5.10025=18,98(g)
a,\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
Mol: 0,1 0,2
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddA}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)
b,mddKOH = 6,2+100.1=106,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow D_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{106,2}{100}=1,062\left(g/cm^3\right)\)
c,mKOH = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)
\(C\%_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{11,2.100\%}{106,2}=10,55\%\)
\(a,PTHH:MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
b, Theo PTHH : \(n_{HCl}=2n_{MgO}=2.\dfrac{m}{M}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=7,3\%\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{MgCl2}=n_{MgO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl2}=19\left(g\right)\)
Mà mdd = \(m_{MgO}+m_{ddHCl}=208\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{m}{m_{dd}}.100\%=9,13\%\)
c, \(PTHH:MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
....................0,1..............0,2...............0,1.............0,2.......
Ta có : \(n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> mdd = \(m_{MgCl2}+m_{NaOH}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=213,2g\)
- Thấy sau phản ứng dung dịch B gồm NaCl ( 0,2 mol ), MgCl2 dư ( 0,1mol )
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=11,7g\\m_{MgCl2}=9,5g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=5,5\%\\C\%_{MgCl2}=4,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) PTHH: \(3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,5\cdot0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{3}< \dfrac{0,04}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH p/ứ hết, FeCl3 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7}{300}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,05\cdot58,5=2,925\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7}{300}\cdot162,5\approx3,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{40}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{40}\cdot18=0,45\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{6,2+93,8}\cdot100\%=8\%\)
b) PTHH: \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{400\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot58,5}{6,2+93,8+400}\cdot100\%=2,34\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{6,2+93,8+400}\cdot100\%=4,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Tương tự các phần trên