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a) \(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=\dfrac{7,1}{142}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Mg --> (CH3COO)2Mg + H2
0,1<----------------------0,05------->0,05
=> VH2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
b) \(C_{M\left(dd.CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,025}=4M\)
Bài 5
Fe + 2CH3COOH \(\rightarrow\) (CH3COO)2Fe + H2(1)
nCH3COOH = \(\dfrac{4,5}{60}=0,075mol\)
a) THeo pt: n(CH3COO)2Fe = \(\dfrac{1}{2}.nCH_3COOH=0,0375mol\)
=> m = 6,525g
c) Theo pt (1) nH2 = 1/2nCH3COOH = 0,0375 mol
2H2 + O2 \(\xrightarrow[]{t^o}\) 2H2O
Theo pt: nO2 = 0,5nH2 = 0,01875mol
=> VO2 = 0,42 lít
=> Vkk = 0,42.5 = 2,1 lít
\(a,n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=\dfrac{7,1}{142}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1<----------------0,05-------------->0,05
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,1.60}{100}.100\%=6\%\)
\(c,n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{6,9}{46}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH\xrightarrow[H_2SO_{4\left(đặc\right)}]{t^o}CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
bđ 0,1 0,15
pư 0,1 0,1
spư 0 0,05 0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{este}=0,1.80\%.88=7,04\left(g\right)\)
Pt: \(2CH_3COOH+Zn\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
\(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=\dfrac{14,2}{183}\approx0.077mol\)
Theo pt: nH2 = n(CH3COO)2Zn = 0,077mol
=> VH2 = 1,7248l
b) Theo pt: nCH3COOH = 2n(CH3COO)2Zn = 0,154 mol
=> CMCH3COOH = 0,154 : 0,25 = 0,616M
a) 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
b) \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{200.12\%}{60}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,4------->0,2------------------------->0,2
=> \(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2.106=21,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{dd.Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2.100}{50}=42,4\left(g\right)\)
c) \(V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
a/ Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = \(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: nH2 = nFe = 0,15 (mol) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=11-8,4=2,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{11}.100\%\approx76,4\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100-76,4\approx23,6\%\)
b/ Theo PTHH ta có: nHCl = 2nFe = 2.0,15 = 0,3 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
c/ mHCl = 36,5 . 0,3 = 10,95(g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11}.100\%\approx76,36\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx23,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)
Câu 4:
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=0,25.183=45,75\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe+H_2\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOH}=0,2.60=12\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{12}{10\%}=120\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 5,6 + 120 - 0,1.2 = 125,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.174}{125,4}.100\%\approx13,88\%\)