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Làm gộp cả phần a và b
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=0,15mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\cdot102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) $4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
b) $n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)$
$n_{Al\ pư} = \dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{Al\ pư} = 0,4.27 = 10,8(gam)$
c)
Cách 1 :
$m_{Al_2O_3} = m_{Al} + m_{O_2} = 10,8 + 0,3.32 = 20,4(gam)$
Cách 2 :
Theo PTHH, $n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al\ pư} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,2.102 = 20,4(gam)$
a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
___________0,15<------0,1
=> mO2 = 0,15.32 = 4,8(g)
Bảo toàn KL: \(m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=10,2-9=1,2(g)\)
\(a,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{40,8}{102}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,8\cdot27=21,6\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{19,2}{32}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,8mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,8\cdot27=21,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\cdot102=40,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng :
=>m O2=51-27=24g
b>
%Al=27.2\27.2+16.3 .100=52,94%
=>O=47,06%
c>
nếu nhôm lấn với sắt ta dùng nam châm hoặc dd Naoh
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
Theo đề bài ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\frac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{4}.\frac{5,4}{27}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b) Cách 1: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
Cách 2 : ADĐLBKL: \(m_{Al_2O_3}=m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=5,4+0,15.32=10,2\left(g\right)\)
\(PTHH:4Al+3O2\rightarrow2Al2O3\)
\(\text{Ta có}:nAl=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Theo PT}:nO2=0,2\text{ }.34=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VH2=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(\text{nAl203=0,2/2=0,1(mol)}\)
\(\text{mAl2O3= 0,1.102=10,2(g)}\)