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\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{60}{60}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{100}{46}=\dfrac{50}{23}\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH⇌CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\) (xt: H2SO4 đặc, to)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{1}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{50}{23}}{1}\), ta được C2H5OH dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(LT\right)}=n_{CH_3COOH}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(LT\right)}=1.88=88\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{55}{88}.100\%=62,5\%\)
1,
- Xét phần 2:
\(n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=\dfrac{4,4}{88}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH3COOH + C2H5OH \(\xrightarrow[t^o]{H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}}\) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
LTL: 0,5a < 0,5b (do a < b) => C2H5OH dư
Theo pthh: \(n_{CH_3COOH\left(pư\right)}=n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Mà H = 50%
=> \(n_{CH_3COOH\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{50\%}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét phần 2:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2CH3COOH + 2Na ---> 2CH3COONa + H2
0,1--------------------------------------------->0,05
2C2H5OH + 2Na ---> 2C2H5ONa + H2
0,4<----------------------------------------0,2
=> Trong X có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{23,4}{18}=1,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
CH3COOH + 2O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
a------------------------------------------>2a
C2H5OH + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 3H2O
b-------------------------------------->3b
=> Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}60a+46b=25,8\\2a+3b=1,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
PTHH: \(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH\xrightarrow[t^o]{H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}}CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
LTL: 0,2 < 0,3 => Rượu dư
Theo pthh: \(n_{CH_3COOH\left(pư\right)}=n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=\dfrac{14,08}{88}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,16}{0,2}.100\%=80\%\)
$PTHH : CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \buildrel{{H_2SO_4 đ,t^o}}\over\rightleftharpoons CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O \\ n_{CH_3COOH} = \dfrac{3}{60} = 0,05(mol) \\ n_{C_2H_5OH} = \dfrac{2,5}{46} = 0,054(mol) \\ Ta có : n_{C_2H_5OH} > n_{CH_3COOH} \to C_2H_5OH dư \\ n_{ CH_3COOC_2H_5 } = n_{CH_3COOH} = 0,05(mol) \\ m_{este} = 0,05.88 = 4,4(gam) \\ m_{este(tt)} = 4,4.0,9 = 3,96(gam)$
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+O_2\xrightarrow[]{mengiấm}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{115\cdot0,8}{46}=2\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_3COOH\left(lýthuyết\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOH\left(thực\right)}=2\cdot60\cdot90\%=108\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+CH_3COOH\xrightarrow[H_2SO_4\left(đ\right)]{t^o}CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{60}{60}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{92}{46}=2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Rượu còn dư, Axit p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(lýthuyết\right)}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(thực\right)}=1\cdot88\cdot80\%=70,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{30}{60}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{27,6}{46}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+C_2H_5OH⇌CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\) (xt: H2SO4 đặc, to)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\), ta được C2H5OH dư nếu pư hết.
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(LT\right)}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(LT\right)}=0,5.88=44\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{26,4}{44}.100\%=60\%\)
