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\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a). \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒\(V_{H2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b). \(80ml=0,08l\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
→\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,08}=3,75\left(M\right)\)
c). \(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{MgSO4}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
→\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{6,72}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
d). \(MgSO_4+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
1 1 1 1
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{BaSO4\uparrow}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)
→\(m_{BaSO4\downarrow}=n.M=0,3.233=69,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}\)=0,3(mol)
\(\rightarrow V_{ddBa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{1,6}=0,1875\left(l\right)\)
a, \(n_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,76}{138}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2CH_3COOH+K_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COOK+CO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{K_2CO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,04.60}{50}.100\%=4,8\%\)
b, \(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{mengiam}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,04\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,04.46=1,84\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{1,84}{0,8}=2,3\left(ml\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_5OH\left(8^o\right)}=\dfrac{2,3}{8}.100=28,75\left(ml\right)\)
\(a.Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{4,55}{65}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,07.22,4=1,568\left(l\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,14\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}=0,7M\\ c.n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,07.136=9,52\left(g\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_3COONa}=\dfrac{9,84}{82}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=n_{NaOH}=n_{CH_3COONa}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,5}=0,24\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,12.40=4,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{4,8}{20\%}=24\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Na_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{22,4}=\dfrac{2479}{22400}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{2479}{22400}\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2479}{11200}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{2479}{22400}\cdot126\approx13,94\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2479}{11200}}{0,25}\approx0,89\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{22,4}\approx0,166\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,166\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,332\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,166\cdot56=9,296\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,332}{0,15}\approx2,21\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3 0,15
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=2M\)
\(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{10,6}{106}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH3OONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1
a) \(V_{CO2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{MCH3COOH}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
b) \(C_{MCH3COONa}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
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