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\(m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{100\cdot17,1\%}{100\%}=17,1\left(g\right)\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{17,1}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{BaCl_2}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{muối.sau.p/ứ}=m_{BaCl_2}=0,1\cdot208=20,8\left(g\right)\)
mBa(OH)2 = mdd Ba(OH)2. C% :100% = 200.17,1%:100% = 34,2 (g)
=> nBa(OH)2 = 34,2:171 = 0,2 (mol)
m(NH4)2SO4 = mdd (NH4)2SO4.C%:100% = 500.1,32:100% = 6,6 (g)
=> n(NH4)2SO4 = 6,6: 132= 0,05 (mol)
mCuSO4 = mdd CuSO4. C%:100% = 500.2%:100% = 10 (g)
=> nCuSO4 = 10: 160= 0,0625 (mol)
PTHH: Ba(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 ---> BaSO4↓+ 2NH3↑+ 2H2O (1)
0,05 <----- 0,05 -----------> 0,05 ---> 0,1 (mol)
Ba(OH)2 + CuSO4 ---> BaSO4↓ + Cu(OH)2↓ (2)
0,0625 <-- 0,0625 ----> 0,0625 ---> 0,0625 (mol)
a) Khí A thoát ra là NH3
Theo PTHH (1): nNH3 = 2n(NH4)2SO4 = 2.0,05 = 0,1 (mol)
=> VNH3(đktc) = nNH3.22,4 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(l)
b) Kết tủa B thu được gồm BaSO4 và Cu(OH)2
Theo PTHH (1) và (2):∑nBaSO4(1) +(2) = 0,05 + 0,0625 = 0,1125 (mol)
=> mBaSO4 = nBaSO4.MBaSO4 = 0,1125.233 =26,2125 (g)
Theo PTHH (2): nCu(OH)2 = nCuSO4 = 0,0625 (mol)
=> mCu(OH)2 = nCu(OH)2.MCu(OH)2 = 0,0625.98 = 6,125 (g)
=> Tổng m kết tủa = mBaSO4+ mCu(OH)2 = 26,2125 + 6,125 = 32,3375 (g)
c) Sau pư dd Ba(OH)2dư
nBa(OH)2 dư = nBa(OH)2 bđ - nBa(OH)2 (1) - nBa(OH)2 (2) = 0,2 - 0,05 - 0,0625 = 0,0875 (mol)
=> mBa(OH)2 dư = 0,0875.171=14,9625 (g)
m dd sau = mdd Ba(OH)2 + mdd hh - mNH3 - mkết tủa
= 200 + 500 - 0,1.17 - 32,3375
= 665,9625 (g)
C% Ba(OH)2 = (mBa(OH)2: mdd sau).100% = (14,9625:665,9625).100% = 2,25%
PTHH: \(K+H_2O\rightarrow KOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(2KOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)=n_K\) \(\Rightarrow m_K=0,6\cdot39=23,4\left(g\right)\)
a/
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{9,3}{62}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,15 0,3 (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_A=90,7+9,3=100\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
b/
m\(_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{16.200}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{152}=\dfrac{4}{19}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+FeSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
bđ: 0,3 \(\dfrac{4}{19}\) 0 0 (mol)
pư: 0,3 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol)
dư: 0 \(\dfrac{23}{380}\) (mol)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.90=13,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_C=100+200-13,5=286,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{286,5}.100\%\approx7,4\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{23}{380}.152=9,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,2}{286,5}.100\%\approx3,2\%\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3mol\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{82,2}{208}=0,39mol\)
\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+CuCl_2\)
0,3 < 0,39 ( mol )
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_{BaCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,39-0,3\right).208=18,72g\)
\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,3.233=69,9g\)
Cách 1. \(m_{CuCl_2}=0,3.135=40,5g\)
Cách 2. \(m_{BaCl_2\left(pứ\right)}=0,3.208=62,4g\)
Áp dụng ĐL BTKL, ta có:
\(m_{CuSO_4}+m_{BaCl_2}=m_{BaSO_4}+m_{CuCl_2}\)
\(\rightarrow m_{CuCl_2}=48+62,4-69,9=40,5g\)
a.b.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,8.10^{23}}{6.10^{23}}=0,3mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=x\\n_{Ba}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
x x 1/2 x ( mol )
\(Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
y 2y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+137y=22,9\\\dfrac{1}{2}x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{H_2O}=\left[0,4+\left(2.0,1\right)\right].18=10,8g\)
c.\(m=22,9+10,8-0,3.2=33,1g\)
d.\(m_{Na}=0,4.23=9,2g\)
\(m_{Ba}=0,1.137=13,7g\)
a) nBa(OH)2= (200.17,1%)/171=0,2(mol)
nCuSO4=(500.8%)/160=0,25(mol)
PTHH: CuSO4 + Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 + Cu(OH)2
+ Kt A có Cu(OH)2 và BaSO4.
+ dd B có dd CuSO4 dư (Vì 0,25/1 > 0,2/1 =>dd CuSO4 dư)
a) mA=mCu(OH)2+ mBaSO4=0,2.98+0,2.233= 66,2(g)
b) mddB= mddBa(OH)2+ mddCuSO4 - mktA= 200+500- 66,2= 633,8(g)
mCuSO4(dư)=(0,25-0,2).160=8(g)
=>C%ddCuSO4(dư)=(8/633,8).100=1,262%