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1. \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2. Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65x + 27y = 9,2 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{9,2}.100\%\approx70,65\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx29,35\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
3. Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(b,\) Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 56x+27y=8,3(1)\)
Theo PTHH: \(x+1,5y=0,25(2)\)
\((1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{8,3}.100\%=67,47\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-67,47\%=32,53\%\)
a)
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,3<-----------------0,3
=> mMg = 0,3.24 = 7,2 (g)
=> mAg = 10,4 - 7,2 = 3,2 (g)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{10,4}.100\%=69,23\%\\\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{3,2}{10,4}.100\%=30,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chất không tan là Ag.
=> mAg= 6,25(g)
nH2=0,25(mol)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
-> nZn=nH2= 0,25(mol)
=>mZn= 0,25 . 65=16,25(g)
=> \(\%mAg=\dfrac{6,25}{6,25+16,25}.100\approx27,778\%\\ \Rightarrow\%mZn\approx72,222\%\)
a, Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl.
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19,4-13=6,4\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{19,4}.100\%\approx67,01\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx32,99\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4+ H2
nH2= 0,1(mol) -> nZn=nH2=0,1(mol)
=> mZn=0,1.65=6,5(g)
=> %mZn=(6,5/10).100=65%
=> %mCu=100% - 65%= 35%
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,075<-------------------------0,075
Cu không phản ứng với H2SO4 loãng
b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,075 0,075
\(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\
\%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Cu}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
x 1/2 x ( mol )
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+64y=18,2\\51x+80y=26,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{18,2}.100=29,67\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-29,67=70,33\%\)
1. \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2. Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65x + 27y = 17,7 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{66}{235}\\y=-\dfrac{29}{1410}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tới đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.