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Ở \(60^oC\), 100g nước hòa tan được \(61g\) \(MgCl_2\).
\(C\%=\dfrac{61}{100+61}\cdot100\%=37,89\%\)
\(\Rightarrow805g\) dung dịch có \(805g\) \(37,89\%=305gMgCl_2\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=805-305=500g\)
Gọi \(n_{MgCl_2.10H_2O}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{MgCl_2}=x\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=95x\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=10x\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=180x\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{305-95x}{500-108x}=\dfrac{52,9}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-184,1\)
Số âm nên bạn kiểm tra xem có phải \(MgCl_2.10H_2O\) không nhé???
PTHH: CuO + H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + H2O
0,2---->0,2-------->0,2---->0,2
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6.100}{20}=98\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O\left(bđ\right)}=98-19,6=78,4\left(g\right)\)
Gọi số mol CuSO4.5H2O tách ra là a (mol)
\(n_{CuSO_4\left(tách.ra\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\) => \(n_{CuSO_4\left(dd.sau.khi.làm.nguội\right)}=0,2-a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O\left(tách.ra\right)}=5a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O\left(dd.sau.khi.làm.nguội\right)}=78,4+0,2.18-18.5a=82-90a\left(g\right)\)
Xét \(S_{10^oC}=\dfrac{160\left(0,2-a\right)}{82-90a}.100=17,4\left(g\right)\)
=> a = \(\dfrac{4433}{36085}\left(mol\right)\) => \(m_{CuSO_4.5H_2O}=\dfrac{4433}{36085}.250=30,7122\left(g\right)\)
$CuO + H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH : $n_{CuSO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{CuO} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.98}{20\%} = 98(gam)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2.80 + 98 = 114(gam)$
Gọi $n_{CuSO_4.5H_2O} =a (mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ sau\ tách\ tinh\ thể} = 114 - 250a(gam)$
$n_{CuSO_4\ sau\ tách\ tinh\ thể} = 0,2 - a(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C\%_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{160(0,2 - a)}{114 - 250a}.100\% = \dfrac{17,4}{17,4 + 100}$
$\Rightarrow a = 0,123(mol)$
$m_{CuSO_4.5H_2O} = 0,123.250 = 30,75(gam)$
1)
\(m_{ddCuSO_4\left(bd\right)}=1,6.25=40\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4.5H_2O}=\dfrac{11,25}{250}=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{CuSO_4}=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,045}{0,025}=1,8M\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{0,045.160}{40}.100\%=18\%\)
b)
\(m_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200.18}{100}=36\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4.5H_2O}=\dfrac{5,634}{250}=0,022536\left(mol\right)\)
nCuSO4 (tách ra) = 0,022536 (mol)
=> \(m_{CuSO_4\left(dd.ở.t^o\right)}=36-0,022536.160=32,39424\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O\left(bd\right)}=200-36=164\left(g\right)\)
nH2O (tách ra) = 0,022536.5 = 0,11268 (mol)
=> \(m_{H_2O\left(dd.ở.t^o\right)}=164-0,11268.18=161,97176\left(g\right)\)
\(S_{t^oC}=\dfrac{32,39424}{161,97176}.100=20\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(n_{FeSO_4.7H_2O}=\dfrac{41,7}{278}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{FeSO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeSO_4}=0,15.152=22,8\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pha trộn = 41,7 + 207 = 248,7 (g)
c) \(C\%=\dfrac{22,8}{248,7}.100\%=9,168\%\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{248,7}{1,023}=243,1085\left(ml\right)=0,2431085\left(l\right)\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2431085}=0,617M\)
\(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{99,4}{142}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)
0,7 2,1 1,4
a, \(m_{H_3PO_4}=1,4.98=137,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_3PO_4}=99,4+500=599,4\left(g\right)\)
Kl nước trong dd A :
\(m_{H_2O}=599,4-137,2=462,2\left(g\right)\)
\(b,C\%_{H_3PO_4}=\dfrac{137,2}{599,4}.100\%\approx22,89\%\)
\(c,C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{1,4}{0,5}=2,8M\)
Câu 6:
\(m_{dd.bđ}=1,1.200=220\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeSO_4.7H_2O}=\dfrac{83,4}{278}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{FeSO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{dd.bđ}=\dfrac{0,3.152}{220}.100\%=20,73\%\)
Câu 7:
\(m_{MgCl_2\left(dd.ở.60^oC\right)}=\dfrac{500.37,5}{100}=187,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=500-187,5=312,5\left(g\right)\)
Giả sử có a mol MgCl2.6H2O tách ra
\(n_{MgCl_2\left(dd.ở.10^oC\right)}=\dfrac{187,5}{95}-a=\dfrac{75}{38}-a\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCl_2\left(dd.ở.10^oC\right)}=95\left(\dfrac{75}{38}-a\right)=187,5-95a\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O\left(tách.ra\right)}=6a\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O\left(dd.ở.10^oC\right)}=312,5-18.6a\)=312,5 - 108a (g)
=> \(S_{10^oC}=\dfrac{187,5-95a}{312,5-108a}.100=53\left(g\right)\)
=> \(a=\dfrac{4375}{7552}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgCl_2.6H_2O}=\dfrac{4375}{7552}.203=117,6\left(g\right)\)