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August 8th this year marked the Earth Overshoot Day, which essentially means that we have officially consumed far more than the Earth can replenish in a year. The Global Footprint Network estimates that the current population requires resources equivalent to that of over 1.6 Earths. And the UN projects that our population may balloon to upwards of 8.5 billion by 2030. As the population grows, more and more lands are allocated for urbanization, taking up resources that could be used for agriculture and vegetation. On top of this, the wastes and pollution resulting from human activity speeds up the degradation and deterioration of resources. Harvard University Graduate School of Design research professor, Richard Forman and professor of sustainability science at Arizona State University, Jianguo Wu wrote a call for global and regional urban planning approaches. They say that existing communities are built in the wrong places, places that should have been allocated for nature and agriculture. "Most settlements began on good agricultural soil near a body of fresh water and natural vegetation," they wrote in Nature. "Episodes of urban expansion therefore cover or pollute once-valuable natural resources at ever increasing range. Meanwhile, the exploding urban population is inundated with solid waste, wastewater, heat and pollutants." So, where do we put future humans? Although plans of colonizing Mars have been making the rounds lately, that plan is too far ahead and we need solutions here and now. The professors insist that a strategic, environment-driven urban planning system is the key to minimizing the impact of population growth, despite environmental protection being at the bottom of the pile when it comes to government priorities. "Urban planning can slow such degradation, and even improve matters. But protecting natural and agricultural land, water bodies and biodiversity are rarely top priorities for municipal governments. Planners focus on creating jobs, housing, transport and economic growth," they wrote. They say that strategically pinpointing locations for settlements must be environment-conscious: "It must consider which areas are best placed to support higher populations without greatly increasing the already heavy ecological footprint on our finite Earth."

Question 1: It can be inferred from the passage that______

A. If the world population continues to explode, future humans will have no place to live. 
B. People should reduce urbanization to control the overpopulation. 
C. Overpopulation is not only a country's problem, so every nation must let the world solve it. 
D. The fresh water and natural vegetation will be destroyed before we can find another place for future humans to live.

Question 2: Which of the following could best reflect the main idea of the passage?

A. Scientists are searching new suitable places for people to live.

B. The Earth must globally be cared about overpopulation's consequences.

C. Effective environmental measures should be discussed to protect the Earth from overpopulation.

D. The Earth is too overpopulated to live.

Question 3: According to the passage, which of following is TRUEabout out population?
A. The more population grows, the more resources are deteriorated.
B.Wastes and population from human activities do not cause much impact on natural vegetation.

C. The Earth may support more than a half of our resources' demand.

D. As the population increase, more lands are used for cultivation.

Question 4: The word "replenish" in paragraph 1 is the closest in meaning to ___
A. Repair 

B. Reduce 

C. Germinate  

D. Regenerate  

Question 5: What is the synonym of the word"inundated" in paragraph 2?

A. Contaminated 

B. Outdated 

C. Overwhelmed 

D. Established 

Question 6: What does "it" in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.  The impact of population growth 
B. The pile

C. Environmental protection 

D. The key

Question 7: The following are what municipal governments most concern, EXCEPT______

A. Economy

B. Biodiversity 

C. Accommodation 

D. Employment 

0
Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. ...
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Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us? Questions: After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions 1. What is the main topic of the article? Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology Benefit of biotechnology Modern research in biotechnology 2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to? Biotechnology The article The word "Biotechnology" 3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms? Beer, bread and cheese Bread and wine Beer and cheese Decide whether the statement below is True or False. 4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. TrueFalse 5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe. TrueFalse 6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts. TrueFalse
1
28 tháng 7 2017

Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us?

Questions:

After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions

1. What is the main topic of the article?

Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology

Benefit of biotechnology

Modern research in biotechnology

2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to?

Biotechnology

The article

The word "Biotechnology"

3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms?

Beer, bread and cheese

Bread and wine

Beer and cheese

Decide whether the statement below is True or False.

4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them.

TrueFalse

5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe.

TrueFalse

6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts.

TrueFalse

Dịch hộ mình bài này nhé! Cám ơn trước. P/s: Không dùng Google Translate nhé UN Reports See a Lonelier Planet With Fewer Plants, Animals Earth is losing plants, animals and clean water at a dramatic rate, according to four new U.N. scientific reports that provide the most comprehensive and localized look at the state of biodiversity. Scientists meeting in Colombia issued four regional reports Friday on how well animals and plants are doing in the Americas; Europe and Central Asia;...
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Dịch hộ mình bài này nhé! Cám ơn trước. P/s: Không dùng Google Translate nhé UN Reports See a Lonelier Planet With Fewer Plants, Animals

Earth is losing plants, animals and clean water at a dramatic rate, according to four new U.N. scientific reports that provide the most comprehensive and localized look at the state of biodiversity. Scientists meeting in Colombia issued four regional reports Friday on how well animals and plants are doing in the Americas; Europe and Central Asia; Africa; and the Asia-Pacific area. Their conclusion after three years of study: Nowhere is doing well.

The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem was about more than just critters, said study team chairman Robert Watson. It is about keeping Earth livable for humans, because we rely on biodiversity for food, clean water and public health, the prominent British and U.S. scientist said. "This is undermining well-being across the planet, threatening us long term on food and water," Watson said in an interview. Scientists pointed to this week's death of the last male northern white rhino in Africa and severe declines in the numbers of elephants, tigers and pangolins, but said those are only the most visible and charismatic of species that are in trouble.

What's happening is a side effect of the world getting wealthier and more crowded with people, Watson said. Humans need more food, more clean water, more energy and more land. And the way society has tried to achieve that has cut down on biodiversity, he said. Crucial habitat has been cut apart; alien species have invaded places; chemicals have hurt plants and animals; wetlands and mangroves that clean up pollution are disappearing; and the world's waters are overfished, he said. Man-made climate change is getting worse, and global warming will soon hurt biodiversity as much as all the other problems combined, Watson said.

1
31 tháng 3 2018

Báo cáo của Liên Hiệp Quốc nhìn một hành tinh cô đơn hơn với ít cây cối, động vật hơn
Trái đất đang mất dần các thực vật, động vật và nước sạch với tốc độ đáng kể, theo bốn báo cáo khoa học mới của Liên Hiệp Quốc. đưa ra cách nhìn toàn diện và địa phương về tình trạng đa dạng sinh học. Các cuộc họp của các nhà khoa học ở Colombia đã đưa ra 4 báo cáo về tình trạng động vật và thực vật ở châu Mỹ; Châu Âu và Trung Á; Châu phi; và khu vực Châu Á Thái Bình Dương. Kết luận của họ sau ba năm nghiên cứu: Không nơi nào làm tốt.

Chủ tịch nhóm nghiên cứu, ông Robert Watson, cho biết nền tảng chính sách khoa học-chính phủ về đa dạng sinh học và hệ sinh thái không chỉ là những con vật. Đó là việc giữ cho trái đất có thể sống được cho con người, bởi vì chúng ta dựa vào đa dạng sinh học đối với thực phẩm, nước sạch và sức khoẻ cộng đồng, nhà khoa học Anh và Mỹ nổi tiếng nói. "Điều này đang làm suy yếu sự thịnh vượng của chúng ta, đe dọa chúng ta lâu dài về thức ăn và nước," Watson nói trong một cuộc phỏng vấn. Các nhà khoa học đã chỉ ra cái chết cuối cùng của con tê giác trắng cuối cùng ở châu Phi và sự sụt giảm nghiêm trọng về số lượng con voi, hổ và tê tê, nhưng nói rằng đây chỉ là loài có khả năng nhìn thấy và hấp dẫn nhất đối với các loài đang gặp rắc rối.



Điều gì đang xảy ra là một ảnh hưởng phụ của thế giới ngày càng giàu có và đông đúc hơn với người dân, Watson nói. Con người cần nhiều thức ăn, nước sạch hơn, năng lượng và nhiều đất hơn. Và cách mà xã hội đã cố gắng đạt được đã làm giảm sự đa dạng sinh học, ông nói. Môi trường sống chủ yếu đã bị cắt đứt; các loài ngoại lai xâm lăng; hóa chất đã gây hại cho thực vật và động vật; vùng đất ngập nước và rừng ngập mặn làm sạch ô nhiễm đang biến mất; và vùng biển của thế giới bị đánh bắt quá mức, ông nói. Theo Watson, biến đổi khí hậu do con người gây ra ngày càng tồi tệ hơn và sự ấm lên toàn cầu sẽ sớm ảnh hưởng đến đa dạng sinh học cũng như tất cả các vấn đề khác

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.   Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.   The explosion in mobile phone use around the...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.

   The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.

   On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.

   What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

   As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

Question: What could be the most suitable title for the passage?

A. Technological Innovations and Their Price

B. The Way Mobile Phones Work

C. Mobile Phones: A Must of Our Time

D. The Reasons Why Mobile Phones Are Popular

1
13 tháng 4 2019

Đáp án A.

Fill in the blanK: living in a modern World may have its advantages but it(1)............. has its disadvantages that one disadvantages of the modern way of life which stands(2)............. from the rest is the negative influence cars have(3)............. The environment. Today, all developed societies face a(4)........... range of problems Caused by cars and(5).........vehicles. These include air and noise pollution,(6)...........traffic and the ever growing numbers in f roads in our cities....
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Fill in the blanK: living in a modern World may have its advantages but it(1)............. has its disadvantages that one disadvantages of the modern way of life which stands(2)............. from the rest is the negative influence cars have(3)............. The environment. Today, all developed societies face a(4)........... range of problems Caused by cars and(5).........vehicles. These include air and noise pollution,(6)...........traffic and the ever growing numbers in f roads in our cities. Major cities around the world face considerable environmental damage (7)............ of this and are in need of serious measures to reverse this trend.

How did we end (8)..........with such a problem? There are no simple answers(9)............. this question and no serious effort has been made to find either.it is about (10)...........,however, that our generation got serious (11)...........this issue. People must be willing to stand (12).......... environmental groups and make any effort necessary to change the situation. Many Environmentalists Believe that we could help by using our(13)......sense. Car poolling for instance could be a solution to the problem.this simple program calls for people to share their cars with fellow workers to and from work got a lot of interest has been shown (14).......car poolling and other more ambitious programmes are plan for the future

2
10 tháng 6 2018
  1. also
  2. out
  3. on
  4. wide
  5. other
  6. congested / heavy / busy
  7. a result / a rule
  8. up
  9. to
  10. time
  11. about
  12. support / join
  13. good
  14. over
10 tháng 6 2018

Giup mik voi!!! Can gap

bendy lights Every year, more than 2,000 drivers in Britain have a 21) ........................................ (COLLIDE) with a street lamppost – many ending 22) ........................................ (FATAL). Now, a British company has come up with an idea that may bring about a dramatic 23) ........................................ (REDUCE) in the number of deaths and serious 24) ........................................ (INJURY) which such accidents cause. The plan is to create a bendy...
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bendy lights

Every year, more than 2,000 drivers in Britain have a 21) ........................................ (COLLIDE) with a street lamppost – many ending 22) ........................................ (FATAL). Now, a British company has come up with an idea that may bring about a dramatic 23) ........................................ (REDUCE) in the number of deaths and serious 24) ........................................ (INJURY) which such accidents cause. The plan is to create a bendy lamppost. When a car hits a rigid metal lamppost, the vehicle is brought to a sudden halt, and it is this abrupt 25) ........................................ (LOSE) of speed that can have such tragic 26) ........................................ (CONSEQUENT) for the passengers. The material used in the new lamppost is made of a type of plastic, which has been reinforced with long strands of glass fibre, giving it the same 27) ................................... (STRONG) as metal but greater 28) ........................................ (FLEXIBLE). If adriver should have the 29) ........................................ (FORTUNE) to hit one of these posts, then the design will allow the column to bend so that the car will ride up over it.The manufacturers claim that the new lamppost has already saved lives. One was hit by a car travelling at more than 140 kilometres an hour, and the driver walked away 30) .................................... (HARM) apart from a bruised knee.

1
16 tháng 8 2018

1. Collisions

3. Reduction

4. Injured

7. Strength

9. Fortunate

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.   Music therapy is using music to help people with a variety of problems. For example, it can help people with communication and speech problems speak better. It can help people with memory problems remember things from their past. Music therapy can also help people manage stress and be more relaxed. It can even make people with bad pain feel better.   In...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Music therapy is using music to help people with a variety of problems. For example, it can help people with communication and speech problems speak better. It can help people with memory problems remember things from their past. Music therapy can also help people manage stress and be more relaxed. It can even make people with bad pain feel better.

   In music therapy, a music therapist works with one person alone or with small groups. The therapist meets with the person and does tests to find out what the problem is and what the person can do with music. Then the therapist decides what kind of music therapy to use. Some people sing, and others might compose music, but a person doesn't need to know about music to be helped by music therapy. There are options such as listening to music and dancing to music. Research shows that these activities are good for the body and for the mind.

   Homes that take care of elderly people often have music therapy programs. The programs help the elderly be more energetic and also help with memory problems. Some hospitals have music therapy for patients who are in a lot of pain. Music can affect a part of the brain that reduces pain.

   Trevor Gibbons is one example of a person who was helped by music therapy. In 2000, he was putting in windows on the fourth floor of a building when he fell. He was in the hospital for over a year. He was in a lot of pain, and he couldn’t talk. He went from the hospital to a rehabilitation center that has a music therapy program, and a music therapist worked with him for several years. He could sing more easily than he could talk. Trevor says that music also helped him manage loneliness, sadness, and pain after he was hurt. Music and the music therapist inspired him, and he has written and sung many songs. He has even recorded CDs and performed at Lincoln Center in New York.

Question 9: It is stated in the passage that _______.

A. homes for the aged don’t have music therapy programs

B. in music therapy some people sing or even compose music

C. Trevor Gibbons hurt himself when he fell off the fifth floor

D. listening and dancing to music are not included in music therapy

1
30 tháng 5 2019

Đáp án B.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.   Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.   The explosion in mobile phone use around the...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.

   The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.

   On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.

   What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

   As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

Question: The phrase “negative publicity” in paragraph 2 most likely means _______.

A. poor ideas about the effects of cellphones

B. information on the lethal effects of cellphones

C. the negative public use of cellphones

D. widespread opinion about bad effect of cellphones

1
22 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án B.

Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.   If we believe that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume with the choice of a particular form of garment for a particular use, then we can say that clothing depend primarily on such physical conditions as climate, health, and textile manufacture, whereas costume reflect social factors such as religious beliefs, aesthetics, personal status, and the wish to be...
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Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   If we believe that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume with the choice of a particular form of garment for a particular use, then we can say that clothing depend primarily on such physical conditions as climate, health, and textile manufacture, whereas costume reflect social factors such as religious beliefs, aesthetics, personal status, and the wish to be distinguished from or to emulate our fellows.

   The ancient Greeks and the Chinese believed that we first covered our bodies for some physical reason such as protecting ourselves from the weather elements. Ethnologists and psychologists have invoked psychological reasons: modesty in the case of ancients, and taboo, magical influence and the desire to please for the moderns.

   In early history, costume must have fulfilled a function beyond that of simple utility, perhaps through some magical significance, investing primitive man with the attributes of other creatures. Ornaments identified the wearer with animals, gods, heroes or other men. This identification remains symbolic in more sophisticated societies. We should bear in mind that the theater has its distant origins in sacred performances, and in all period children at play have worn disguises, so as to adapt gradually to adult life.

   Costume helped inspire fear or impose authority. For a chieftain, costume embodied attributes expressing his power, while a warrior’s costume enhanced his physical superiority and suggested he was superhuman. In more recent times, professional or administrative costume has been devised to distinguish the wearer and express personal or delegated authority; this purpose is seen clearly in the judge’s robes and the police officer’s uniform. Costume denotes power, and since power is usually equated with wealth, costume came to be an expression of social caste and material prosperity. Military uniform denotes rank and is intended to intimidate, to protect the body and to express membership in a group. At the bottom of the scale, there are such compulsory costumes as the convict’s uniform. Finally, costume can possess a religious significance that combines various elements: an actual or symbolic identification with a god, the desire to express this in earthly life, and the desire to enhance the wearer’s position of respect.

Question: Which of the following would most likely NOT be reflected in a person’s costume, as it is defined in the passage?

A. Having a heart condition

B. Playing in a baseball game

C. Working in a hospital

D. Participating in a religious ceremony

1
3 tháng 3 2018

Đáp án A.

Dịch giùm mk bài này nha ! Ai đúng mk tick cho ! Smart children more likely to live longer and stay disease free, study suggests School swots who faced a ribbing from their classmates for being too brainy will have the last laugh, according to a new study which found high IQ in childhood is linked to a longer life. Researchers at Edinburgh University, Oxford and University College London followed up more than 65,000 people who took part in The Scottish Mental Survey in 1947, aged 11...
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Dịch giùm mk bài này nha ! Ai đúng mk tick cho !

Smart children more likely to live longer and stay disease free, study suggests

School swots who faced a ribbing from their classmates for being too brainy will have the last laugh, according to a new study which found high IQ in childhood is linked to a longer life. Researchers at Edinburgh University, Oxford and University College London followed up more than 65,000 people who took part in The Scottish Mental Survey in 1947, aged 11 to find out if intelligence as a youngster had affected their life, and death. They discovered that by the age of 79, having a high IQ lowered the risk of dying from heart disease, stroke, cancer, and respiratory diseases.

"I'm being optimistic about these results,” said Professor Ian Deary, of the University of Edinburgh, who led the research. "I'm hoping it means that if we can find out what smart people do and copy them, then we have a chance of a slightly longer and healthier life. We don't fully know yet why intelligence from childhood and longevity are related, and we are keeping an open mind. Lifestyles (e.g. not smoking), education, health literacy, less deprivation, and genetics might all play a part. We and other research teams are testing these ideas."

The lower risk of death even remained when accounting for factors which could have influenced the results, such as age, sex, and socio-economic status. In fact deprivation, such as unemployment, overcrowding, and other adverse living conditions are thought to account for only about 30 per cent of the IQ-mortality correlation.

1
13 tháng 9 2017

Trẻ thông minh có nhiều khả năng sống lâu hơn và không bị bệnh, theo nghiên cứu cho thấy Theo một nghiên cứu mới cho thấy chỉ số IQ cao ở trẻ em, kết quả là cuộc sống của các em học sinh gặp phải rắc rối từ bạn học vì quá thông minh sẽ có tiếng cười cuối cùng. Các nhà nghiên cứu tại Đại học Edinburgh, Oxford và University College London đã theo dõi hơn 65.000 người tham gia cuộc khảo sát Khảo sát Tâm thần Scottish năm 1947, tuổi từ 11 tới để tìm hiểu xem thông minh khi còn nhỏ đã ảnh hưởng đến cuộc sống của họ và cái chết. Họ khám phá ra rằng vào tuổi 79, có IQ cao làm giảm nguy cơ tử vong vì bệnh tim, đột qu,, ung thư và các bệnh về đường hô hấp. "Tôi đang lạc quan về những kết quả này," giáo sư Ian Deary, thuộc Đại học Edinburgh, người dẫn đầu nghiên cứu cho biết, "Tôi hy vọng nó có nghĩa là nếu chúng ta có thể tìm hiểu những gì người thông minh làm và sao chép chúng, thì chúng tôi có cơ hội sống lâu hơn và khỏe mạnh hơn. Chúng ta vẫn chưa hiểu tại sao trí thông minh từ thời thơ ấu và tuổi thọ lại có liên quan, và chúng ta đang giữ một tâm trí cởi mở. Phong cách sống (ví dụ: không hút thuốc), giáo dục, đọc viết về sức khoẻ, ít bị tước đoạt và di truyền học có thể đóng một phần. Chúng tôi và các nhóm nghiên cứu khác đang thử nghiệm những ý tưởng này. " Nguy cơ tử vong thấp thậm chí còn tồn tại khi tính đến các yếu tố có thể ảnh hưởng đến kết quả, chẳng hạn như tuổi, giới tính và tình trạng kinh tế xã hội. Trong thực tế thiếu thốn, chẳng hạn như thất nghiệp, quá tải, và điều kiện sống bất lợi khác được cho là chỉ chiếm khoảng 30 phần trăm của mối tương quan giữa IQ-mortality.