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Lời giải:
a. Vì $x,y$ tỉ lệ thuận nên đặt $y=kx$. Ta có:
$y_1=kx_1$ hay $\frac{1}{2}=k.2\Rightarrow k=\frac{1}{4}$. Vậy $y=\frac{1}{4}x$
$y_2=kx_2=\frac{1}{4}x_2=\frac{1}{4}.3=\frac{3}{4}$
b.
Vì $x,y$ tỉ lệ nghịch nên đặt $xy=k$.
$x_1y_1=k=x_2y_2$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}.4=x_2.(-4)$
$\Leftrightarrow x_2=\frac{-1}{2}$
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a: \(A=-5x^3+9x^3-2x^2-2x^2+x-x+1\)
\(=4x^3-4x^2+1\)
\(B=-4x^3+2x^3-2x^2+2x^2+6x-9x-2\)
\(=-2x^3-3x-2\)
\(C=x^3-6x^2+2x-4\)
b: \(A\left(x\right)+B\left(x\right)-C\left(x\right)\)
\(=4x^3-4x^2+1-2x^3-3x-2+x^3-6x^2+2x-4\)
\(=3x^3-10x^2-x-4\)
a) A(x) = 5x4 - 5 + 6x3 + x4 - 5x - 12
= (5x4 + x4) + (- 5 - 12) + 6x3 - 5x
= 6x4 - 17 + 6x3 - 5x
= 6x4 + 6x3 - 5x - 17
B(x) = 8x4 + 2x3 - 2x4 + 4x3 - 5x - 15 - 2x2
= (8x4 - 2x4) + (2x3 + 4x3) - 5x - 15 - 2x2
= 4x4 + 6x3 - 5x - 15 - 2x2
= 4x4 + 6x3 - 2x2 - 5x - 15
b) C(x) = A(x) - B(x)
= 6x4 + 6x3 - 5x - 17 - (4x4 + 6x3 - 2x2 - 5x - 15)
= 6x4 + 6x3 - 5x - 17 - 4x4 - 6x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 15
= ( 6x4 - 4x4) + ( 6x3 - 6x3) + (- 5x + 5x) + (-17 + 15) + 2x2
= 2x4 - 2 + 2x2
= 2x4 + 2x2 - 2
a) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{4}{12}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{12}\cdot3=\dfrac{12}{12}=1\)
b) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x-2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\) (Điều kiện : \(x\ne2\))
\(\Rightarrow5\left(x-1\right)=3\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-5=3x-6\Leftrightarrow5x-3x=-6+5\Leftrightarrow2x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(2x:6=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot6=\dfrac{6}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}:2=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x^2+x}{2x^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+x\right)=2x^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x=2x^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x-2x^2=1\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\).
a) Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\) ta có:
\(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x+3\right|=\left|1-x\right|+\left|x+3\right|\ge\left|1-x+x+3\right|=4\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-x\ge0\\x+3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\le x\le1\)
Vậy,..................................................................................................................................