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1) 5.( x - 6 ) - 2.( x + 9 ) = 21
5x - 30 - 2x - 18 = 21
3x - 48 = 21
3x = 21 + 48
3x = 69
x = 23
2) 2.( x + 3 ) + 3.( x + 1 ) = 15 - ( - 9 )
2x + 6 + 3x + 3 = 24
5x + 9 = 24
5x = 24 - 9
5x = 15
x = 3
3) ( - x + 5 ).(3 - x ) = 0
=> - x + 5 = 0 hoặc 3 - x = 0
=> x = 5 hoặc x = 3
4) ( x - 12 ) - 15 = ( 20 - 7 ) - ( 18 + x )
x - 12 - 15 = 13 - 18 - x
x - 27 = - 5 - x
x + x = - 5 + 27
2x = 22
x = 11
5) x - ( 17 - 8 ) = 5 + ( 10 - 3x )
x - 9 = 5 + 10 - 3x
x + 3x = 15 + 9
4x = 24
x = 6
Bài 46:
11: Ta có: \(-4\left|x-2\right|=-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=2\\x-2=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{0;4}
12: Ta có: \(5\left|x+2\right|=-10\cdot\left(-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left|x+2\right|=20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=4\\x+2=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{-6;2}
13: Ta có: \(6\left|x-2\right|=18:\left(-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left|x-2\right|=-6\)(1)
Ta có: \(\left|x-2\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow6\left|x-2\right|\ge0\forall x\)(2)
Ta có: -6<0(3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) suy ra x∈∅
Vậy: x∈∅
14: Ta có:\(-7\left|x+4\right|=21:\left(-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7\left|x+4\right|=-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+4\right|=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=1\\x+4=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{-5;-3}
15: Ta có: \(4\left|x+1\right|=8\left(-2\right)-8\left(-5\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left|x+1\right|=-16-\left(-40\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left|x+1\right|=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=6\\x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{-7;5}
16: Ta có: \(3\left|x+5\right|=-9\)(4)
Ta có: |x+5|≥0∀x
⇒3|x+5|≥0∀x(5)
Ta có: -9<0(6)
Từ (4), (5) và (6) suy ra x∈∅
Vậy: x∈∅
17: Ta có: \(-8\left|x-3\right|=24-16:2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8\left|x-3\right|=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=-2\)
mà |x-3|≥0>-2∀x
nên x∈∅
Vậy: x∈∅
18: Ta có: \(-3\left|x+6\right|=6\cdot2-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\left|x+6\right|=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+6\right|=-1\)
mà |x+6|≥0>-1∀x
nên x∈∅
Vậy: x∈∅
19: Ta có: \(5-\left|x+7\right|=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+7\right|=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+7=-1\\x+7=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-8\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{-8;-6}
20: Ta có: \(12-\left|x+8\right|=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+8\right|=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+8=2\\x+8=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-6\\x=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: x∈{-10;-6}
Bài 1: Tính
\(\text{1)}\) \(\dfrac{5}{8}.\dfrac{7}{30}-\dfrac{5}{2}.\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{8}.\dfrac{7}{30}-\dfrac{5}{8}.\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{8}.\left(\dfrac{7}{30}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{8}.\dfrac{-4}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
\(\text{2)}\) \(\dfrac{21}{10}.\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{21}{10}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{63}{40}-\dfrac{21}{10}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-21}{40}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-51}{40}\)
\(\text{3)}\) \(\dfrac{-4}{11}:\dfrac{-6}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{-4}{11}.\dfrac{11}{-6}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{6}\)
\(\text{4)}\) \(\dfrac{2}{7}.\dfrac{14}{3}-1\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{3}-1\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\text{5)}\) \(\dfrac{4}{7}:\left(\dfrac{1}{5}.\dfrac{4}{7}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{7}:\dfrac{1}{5}:\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(=1:\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(=5\)
\(\text{6)}\) \(\dfrac{12}{7}.\dfrac{7}{4}+\dfrac{35}{11}:\dfrac{245}{121}\)
\(=3+\dfrac{35}{11}.\dfrac{121}{245}\)
\(=3+\dfrac{11}{7}\)
\(=3\dfrac{11}{7}=\dfrac{32}{7}\)
\(\text{7)}\) \(\left(\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{8}{3}\right).\left(\dfrac{7}{4}-\dfrac{6}{4}\right):\left(\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{12}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{7}{4}-\dfrac{6}{4}\right):\left(\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{12}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=4.\dfrac{1}{4}:\left(\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{12}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=4.\dfrac{1}{4}:\dfrac{19}{5}\)
\(=1:\dfrac{19}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{19}\)
\(\text{8)}\) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{9}}{\dfrac{1}{9}}\right):\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{\dfrac{7}{15}}{\dfrac{2}{5}}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(=\left(0+1\right):\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{7}{15}:\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(=1:\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{7}{6}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(=1:\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+1\right)\)
\(=1:\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\text{9)}\)
\(\left[\left(\dfrac{2}{193}-\dfrac{3}{389}\right).\dfrac{193}{17}+\dfrac{33}{34}\right]:\left[\left(\dfrac{7}{1931}-\dfrac{11}{3862}\right).\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{199}{75077}.\dfrac{193}{17}+\dfrac{33}{34}\right]:\left[\left(\dfrac{7}{1931}-\dfrac{11}{3862}\right).\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{199}{6613}+\dfrac{33}{34}\right]:\left[\left(\dfrac{7}{1931}-\dfrac{11}{3862}\right).\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{13235}{13226}:\left[\left(\dfrac{7}{1931}-\dfrac{11}{3862}\right).\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{13235}{13226}:\left[\dfrac{3}{3862}.\dfrac{1931}{25}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{13235}{13226}:\left[\dfrac{3}{50}+\dfrac{9}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{13235}{13226}:\dfrac{114}{25}\)
\(=\dfrac{330875}{1507764}\)
