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a)
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
b) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{8,1}{27} = 0,3(mol)$
$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Al} : 4 < n_{O_2} : 3$ nên $O_2$ dư
$n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,6 - 0,4).32 = 6,4(gam)$
c) $n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,15.102 = 15,3(gam)$
a) $4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
b) $n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)$
$n_{Al\ pư} = \dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{Al\ pư} = 0,4.27 = 10,8(gam)$
c)
Cách 1 :
$m_{Al_2O_3} = m_{Al} + m_{O_2} = 10,8 + 0,3.32 = 20,4(gam)$
Cách 2 :
Theo PTHH, $n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al\ pư} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,2.102 = 20,4(gam)$
\(a,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Lập.tỉ.lệ:\dfrac{n_{Al}}{4}>\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{3}\Rightarrow Al.dư\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{3}.0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=n_{Al\left(bđ\right)}-n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,1=102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài này anh giúp rồi mà em. Em không hiểu chỗ nào nhỉ?
\(\left(1\right).4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\\ \left(2\right).m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\\ \left(3\right).m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}-m_{Al}=10,2-5,4=4,8\left(g\right)\)
nFe = 16.8/56 = 0.3 (mol)
nO2 = 6.72/22.4 = 0.3 (mol)
2Fe + 3O2 -to-> Fe3O4
0.2___0.3________0.1
mFe dư = ( 0.3 - 0.2 ) * 56 = 5.6 (g)
mFe3O4 = 0.1*232 = 23.2 (g)
a)
3Fe+2O2→Fe3O4
b)
nFe=16,8/56=0,3mol
nO2=6,72/22,4=0,3mol
Ta có: 0,3/3<0,3/2=> O2 dư tính theo Fe
nFe3O4=0,3/3=0,1
mFe3O4=0,1.232=23,2g
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{50,4}{2.22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,45}{5}\rightarrow\) O2 dư
Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,45-0,15\right).32=9,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12.6}{56}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4.2}{22.4}=0.1875\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(3.........2\)
\(0.225......0.1875\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0.225}{3}< \dfrac{0.1875}{2}\Rightarrow O_2dư\)
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.1875-0.225\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\cdot32=1.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0.225}{3}\cdot232=17.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t_o}2AlCl_3|\)
2 3 2
0,02 0,04 0,04
Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,02}{2}< \dfrac{0,04}{3}\)
⇒ Al phản ứng hết , Cl2 dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Al
b) \(n_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{AlCl3}=0,02.133,5=2,67\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cl2\left(dư\right)}=0,04-\left(\dfrac{0,02.3}{2}\right)=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Cl2}=0,01.71=0,71\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
b)
$n_{Al} = \dfrac{8,1}{27} = 0,3(mol) ; n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Al} : 4 < n_{O_2} : 3$ nên $O_2$ dư
$n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,15.102 = 15,3(gam)$
c) $n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,225(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,3 - 0,225).32 = 2,4(gam)$